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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 910-356-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details on endpoint specific justification please see read-across report in section 13 or find a link in cross-reference “assessment report”.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- assessment report
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 143 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks:
- biomass / yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 143 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks:
- biomass / yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The effect of the test material on the growth of Desmodesmus subspicatus was investigated and gave 72h-EC50 values of > 143 mg/L (100% v/v saturated solution prepared at 100 mg/L test item). Correspondingly, the 72h-NOEC was >= 143 mg/L (100% v/v saturated solution prepared at 100 mg/L test item). The study showed that there were no toxic effects at saturation.
- Executive summary:
The study used as source investigated toxicity to aquatic algae acc. to OECD 201. The study results of the source compound were considered applicable to the target compound and were used for classification and labelling acc. to REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008. Justification and applicability of the read-across approach (structural analogue) is outlined in the read-across report in section 13 or find a link in cross reference “assessment report”.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details on endpoint specific justification please see read-across report in section 13 or find a link in cross-reference “read-across: supporting information”.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.025 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- element (dissolved fraction)
- Remarks:
- copper
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 0.18% of nominal CuO effect concentration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.018 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element (dissolved fraction)
- Remarks:
- copper
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: calculated based on 0.18% of nominal CuO effect concentration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 64 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (total fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 45 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (total fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- according to OECD 201 adopted 1984
- Conclusions:
- The 72h-EbC50 (green algae; biomass) was 64 mg/L (nominal), corresponding to 0.025 mg/L dissolved copper (measured); the derived 72h-NOEC (green algae; biomass) was 45 mg/L (nominal), corresponding to 0.018 mg/L (nominal; calculated based on 0.18% of nominal CuO effect concentration).
- Executive summary:
The study used as source reference investigated the toxicity of nanoparticles of CuO, ZnO and TiO2 to microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The bulk form of each metal oxide was used to compare toxic effects between nano and bulk form. The study results of the source compound were considered applicable for the target compound and were used for classification and labelling acc. to REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008. Justification and applicability of the read-across approach (structural analogue) is outlined in the attached document (see section 13 or find a link in cross reference).
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
72h-EbC50 (green algae; biomass) = 64 mg/L (nominal, total fraction, submission substance), corresponding to 0.025 mg/L dissolved copper (measured); 72h-NOEbC (green algae; biomass) = 45 mg/L (nominal, total fraction, submission substance), corresponding to 0.018 mg/L dissolved copper (measured / extrapolated) (acc. to OECD 201)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.025 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 0.018 mg/L
Additional information
Two reliable key studies were available for the hazard assessment of toxicity to aquatic algae for the submission substance reaction mass of copper oxide and manganese dioxide.
In the reliable key study the effect of constituent manganese dioxide on the growth of green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus was investigated (RL1, 2010). The study was performed acc. to OECD 201 (2006) and in compliance with GLP. As the test item was considered to be of very low water solubility, a limit test was performed with a saturated solution prepared at 100 mg/L (100% (v/v) saturated solution). Under the conditions of the study, exposure of Desmodesmus subspicatus to the test material gave EC50 values of > 143 mg/L (value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass), and a corresponding NOEC of >= 143 mg/L (value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass). No toxic effects were observed up to the limit of water solubility of the test item.
The second key study investigated the toxicity of constituent copper oxide to microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The study was carried out according to OECD guideline 201, adopted 1984 (RL2, 2009). Six test concentrations were tested. Measured effects (yield of biomass) followed a dose-response pattern. The 72h-EbC50 (green algae; biomass) was 64 mg/L (nominal, value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass), corresponding to 0.025 mg/L dissolved copper (measured, 0.18% of nominal CuO concentration). The derived 72h-NOEC (green algae; biomass) was 45 mg/L (nominal, value recalculated based on the ratio of MnO2 and CuO in the reaction mass), corresponding to 0.018 mg/L dissolved copper (exrapolated based on measured dissolved copper fraction 0.18% of nominal CuO concentration). Since the study was performed acc. to the OECD guideline 201 adopted 1984, the validity criteria deviated from the updated guideline, and only one endpoint had to be reported (yield of biomass or growth rate). According to the OECD 201 (1984), the validity criteria were fulfilled. Despite of shortcomings in reporting (only one endpoint), results of the study were considered reliable.
As copper oxide was the toxic constituent of the submission substance, the key value for the environmental hazard assessment of the reaction mass of copper oxide and manganese dioxide was based on the derived effect concentration of copper oxide.
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