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EC number: 240-974-6 | CAS number: 16919-73-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study preparation and single ocular application took place between 19 April and 24 April 1989.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: OECD Guideline study, to GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- no significant deviations.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- no significant deviations.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reference substance 003
- Cas Number:
- 16919-73-6
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Potassium hexachloropalladate (IV)
- Substance type: Red powder
- Physical state: Solid
- Analytical purity: 26.8% Pd
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): no data
- Purity test date: Apparently 07 July 1989
- Lot/batch No.: 041368
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data
- Stability under test conditions: Stable
- Storage condition of test material: Kept desiccated in a fridge
- Other: slightly soluble in water.
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: White Russian (albino)
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: ASTA Pharma AG, D-4800 Bielefeld 14
- Age at study initiation: 8 months (male)
- Weight at study initiation: 2.58 kg
- Housing: Stainless steel ASTA cages with grating floor, size 48.5(L)x40(B)x36.5(H) cm
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Approximately 120 g/day of Standard Diet ssniff K “Special Diet for Rabbits”, supplied by ssniff Spezialfutter GmbH, D-4770 Soest
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum from Stadtwerke Beilefeld (Municipal Works)
- Acclimation period: 1 day
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.5-23.5
- Humidity (%): 45-60
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 (6 am- 6 pm: artificial lighting; 6 pm-6 am: “natural light-dark-rhythm”)
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: second eye of treated animals served as concurrent control
- Amount / concentration applied:
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.09 g (volume of around 0.1 ml)
The test substance was applied to the conjunctival sac.- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Eyelids were briefly closed by gentle finger pressure, no subsequent washing to remove test substance.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- I hour
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- One male
- Details on study design:
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): The treated eye was not rinsed
SCORING SYSTEM: Signs of irritation on the cornea, iris and conjunctiva should have been assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using the Draize scale following application of the test material into the eye, but weren't due to corrosive effects.
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Cliptrix pencil light for examination in situ. Eye, lids and nictating membrane from treated eye were examined microscopically.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- overall irritation score
- Reversibility:
- other: reversibility was not assessed due to humane sacrifice of the animal one hour after application of the test substance.
- Remarks on result:
- other: An irritation index could not be determined because of the corrosive effects of the test substance.
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Corrosive effects were seen. The whole corneal area showed an easily discernible translucent opacity; detail of the iris were slightly obscured (grade 2) “without showing any alterations”; the nictating membrane was discoloured (yellow) and hardened and no reaction was seen on handling or mechanical opening of the palpebral fissure; discharge with moistening of considerable areas around the eye (grade 3).
Microscopic examination revealed severe superficial necrosis in the conjunctiva and deep acute coagulation necrosis in the nictating membrane. Slight to moderate oedema and slight inflammatory cell infiltration (predominantly neutrophilic granulocytes) were found in the conjunctiva and nictating membrane. In the cornea, acute coagulation necrosis of the corneal epithelium, focal complete loss of the necrotic corneal epithelium and hyalinization of superficial layers of the corneal stroma were seen.
See tables 1 and 2. - Other effects:
- Systemic toxic effects were not observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- corrosive
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- In an OECD Guideline study, to GLP, undiluted dipotassium hexachloropalladate (90 mg) produced severe irritation and corrosive effects following instillation into the eye of one male rabbit.
- Executive summary:
In an OECD Guideline study, to GLP, undiluted dipotassium hexachloropalladate (90 mg) was instilled into one eye of one rabbit and both lids were briefly closed by gentle finger pressure. The other eye remained untreated and acted as the control. Following application of the test material, severe changes indicative of a corrosive effect were seen within one hour that necessitated humane sacrifice of the animal. These included opacity and necrosis of the cornea, profuse ocular discharge and swelling and necrosis in the conjunctiva and nictitating membrane. An irritation index could not be determined because of the corrosive effects. No systemic toxicity was seen.
As the results were based on only one rabbit, it is not possible to give a definitive interpretation according to EU CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008). However, it is considered appropriate to classify the test material for serious eye damage (Category 1), as the severe effects observed are not expected to be reversible.
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