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EC number: 943-366-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin irritation: Corrosive (acetic anhydride, rabbit)
Eye irritation: Serious eye damage due to irreversible effects (acetic acid; rabbit)
Respiratory irritation: Irritating (acetic acid, mouse)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (corrosive)
Eye irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Additional information
No specific studies have been conducted for the target substance.The substance is composed of acetic anhydride (typical conc. ca. 7 wt. %), adipic acid, di-anhydride with bis (acetic acid) (typical conc. ca. 57 wt. %) and acetic acid (typical conc. ca. 33 wt. %). The main and the most hazardous component of this substance is acetic anhydride which has well-known corrosive and irritating effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
The weight of evidence approach is used to evaluate the irritation / corrosion properties of the target substance. The data from acetic anhydride and from hydrolysis products (acetic acid and adipic acid), are used in the assessment.
Skin irritation
Because of the well-known corrosive nature of acetic anhydride and acetic acid, the need for animal testing is difficult to justify.
In a study with rabbits, acetic acid was applied to shaved, intact skin for 4 h (Nixon et al., 1990). The sites were scored for erythema and oedema at 4, 24, 48 and 72 h. Primary Irritation Indices for a 3.3% aqueous solution of acetic acid was 0.5 and for a 10% aqueous solution was 1.1. Thus acetic acid was considered to be slightly irritating to rabbit skin at concentrations of 3.3 and 10%.
The neat acetic anhydride liquid administered to rabbits for 24h caused burns and blisters. Mild irritation was observed after open application OECD; SIDS (1997).
Eye irritation
No studies are conducted for the target substance. Based on the skin corrosive properties of acetic anhydride the target substance is classified as corrosive to skin (Skin Corr. 1B) with the risk of eye damage.
10% acetic acid in water was applied to rabbit eye (Jacobs and Martens, 1989). The observations conducted at 4, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 h showed to be irritating to the rabbit eye using the mean erythema score and % corneal swelling as measured using ultrasonic pachometry.
Instillation of 0.5 ml of a 1% acetic acid solution in the eyes of rabbits caused a severe burn (Smyth et al 1951). Solutions of 5 % induced injury in eyes of rabbits which were healed by 14 days while a 10 % solution resulted in severe permanent damage (European Commission, 2012).
Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
No specific study is selected since endpoint conclusion is based on the several studies from the decomposition products. Since the substance is classified as Skin. Corr. 1B, no study needed to conduct.
Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
No specific study is selected since endpoint conclusion is based on the several studies from the decomposition products. Since the substance is classified as Skin. Corr. 1B, no study needed to conduct.
Effects on skin irritation/corrosion: corrosive
Effects on eye irritation: corrosive
Effects on respiratory irritation: irritating
Justification for classification or non-classification
The target substance is classified to hazard class Skin Corr. 1B according to CLP Regulation 1272/2008.
This classification is in line with the classification of the constituents of the target substance. Acetic anhydride has harmonized classification for Skin Corr. 1B with specific concentration limit C≥25%. Acetic acid has also harmonized classification for Skin Corr 1B with specific concentration limit 25% ≤ C ≥ 90%.
Due to a reversible respiratory tract irritation observed in studies conducted for acetic anhydride the target substance will be classified for STOT-SE 3 H335.
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