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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 233-020-5 | CAS number: 10022-31-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
To cover the required aquatic toxicity endpoints, a read across approach is followed using data for barium chloride. In general, barium toxicity is believed to be predominantly caused by uptake of the free metal cation. The toxicity of the metal compound therefore depends in the first place on its capacity to release free metal cation to the environmental compartment under consideration. Next to compound-specific differences, the physicochemical properties of the environmental compartment typically also affect the relative abundance of the free metal cation and hence the magnitude of the adverse effect. It is clear that water solubility of a metal compound is one of the most important factors for taking into account differences in toxicity when performing read across. Both compounds, barium nitrate and barium chloride, are soluble metal compounds, therefore the use of ecotoxicity data available for barium chloride to cover endpoints for barium nitrate is justified. Although these barium compounds are considered very soluble in pure unbuffered water, the barium present in solution tends to precipitate to a large extent at environmentally relevant aquatic media due to formation of insoluble complexes with several ligands (e.g., sulfate, carbonate). This reduces the bioavailability of the metals and therefore limits aquatic toxicity. Aquatic toxicity tests with soluble barium compounds will therefore often yield unbound NOECs and effect concentrations. This was also the case for most reliable data available for the read across compound barium chloride (Gilberg, 2014; Egeler and Kiefer, 2010). The only bound values obtained originated from the study from Biesinger and Christensen (1972), yielding a 48-h EC50 of 14.5 mg Ba/L and a 21-d NOEC of 2.9 mg Ba/L. The use of unbounded NOEC values however can be considered in specific cases, e.g., when no other values are available for a particular species or when scientific evidence exist that the true toxicity towards a specific organism would be biased if such data were not taken into account. For example, if no effects were observed at the highest or the only tested concentration, then this concentration can be used as a conservative estimate for the “real” NOEC. The lowest unbound NOEC was the 72-h ErC50 for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Egeler and Kiefer, 2010) of >= 1.15 mg dissolved Ba/L. This value will be used as key value for PNEC derivation for the aquatic compartment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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