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EC number: 273-265-5 | CAS number: 68955-28-2 A complex combination of hydrocarbons produced by the distillation of products from a thermal cracking process. It consists of hydrocarbons having a carbon number predominantly of C4.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
1,3-Butadiene is a flammable gas at room temperature and therefore the requirement for data on acute oral and dermal toxicity is waived in accordance with REACH Annex XI. Limited data suggest that 1,3-butadiene has low inhalational acute toxicity in both animals and humans. The acute inhalation LC50 of 1,3-butadiene in mice is 270,000 mg/m3 (122,024 ppm) and humans can tolerate an exposure concentration of 17,702 mg/m3 of (8000 ppm) for 8 hours without adverse symptoms.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
- Quality of whole database:
- The requirement for data on acute oral toxicity is waived in accordance with REACH Annex XI, as 1,3 -butadiene is a flammable gas at room temperature.
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
- Quality of whole database:
- The quality of data on the acute inhalation toxicity of 1,3 -butadiene is poor. In the rat the LC50 value after a 4h exposure was 285,000 mg/m3(128,803 ppm) and in the mouse was 270,000 mg/m3(122,024 ppm) after 2h exposure. Rapid onset of narcosis was reported in both species (Shugaev, 1969). Similar results from other low quality studies are described in the EU RAR (2002). Volunteer studies have been carried out in humans. Unsteadiness was noted after exposure at 4000 ppm for 6 h and the odour was described as objectionable, but there was little effect at 8000 ppm (17,701 mg/m3) for 8h (Carpenter et al, 1944). Other human studies described in the EU RAR (2002) are stated to be “unreliable and of doubtful significance” and are not described here.
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
- Quality of whole database:
- The requirement for data on acute dermal toxicity is waived in accordance with REACH Annex XI, as 1,3 -butadiene is a flammable gas at room temperature.
Additional information
The requirement for data on acute oral and dermal toxicity is waived in accordance with REACH Annex XI, as 1,3 -butadiene is a flammable gas at room temperature.
The quality of data on the acute inhalation toxicity of 1,3 -butadiene is poor. In the rat the LC50 value after a 4h exposure was 285,000 mg/m3(128,803 ppm) and in the mouse was 270,000 mg/m3(122,024 ppm) after 2h exposure. Rapid onset of narcosis was reported in both species (Shugaev, 1969). Similar results from other low quality studies are described in the EU RAR (2002). Volunteer studies have been carried out in humans. Unsteadiness was noted after exposure at 4000 ppm for 6 h and the odour was described as objectionable, but there was little effect at 8000 ppm (17,701 mg/m3) for 8h (Carpenter et al, 1944). Other human studies described in the EU RAR (2002) are stated to be “unreliable and of doubtful significance” and are not described here.
In conclusion, 1,3 -butadiene has low inhalation acute toxicity in both animals and humans. The lowest LC50 is 270,000 mg/m3(122,024 ppm) for 2h in mice. Limited data suggests that humans can tolerate an exposure concentration of 17,702 mg/m3 (8000 ppm) for 8 hours without adverse symptoms, this was also the conclusion of the EU RAR (2002).
Justification for classification or non-classification
1,3 -Butadiene is a flammable gas at room temperature and therefore inhalation exposure is the only relevant route. 1,3 -Butadiene is of low acute toxicity by the inhalation route with LC50 values exceeding the doses which would warrant classification under Dir 67/548/EEC or GHS/CLP.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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