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EC number: 232-395-2 | CAS number: 8013-75-0 A combination of amyl alcohols, primarily isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Other alcohols, acids, esters and aldehydes may also be present.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 979
- Report date:
- 1979
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Federal Register 28, No . 187, § 1500 .41, S . 27029, 1973
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Draize test
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-methylbutan-1-ol
- EC Number:
- 205-289-9
- EC Name:
- 2-methylbutan-1-ol
- Cas Number:
- 137-32-6
- Molecular formula:
- C5H12O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-methylbutan-1-ol
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-methylbutanol-1
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: ca. 99%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- Vienna White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Gaukler
- Age at study initiation: young adult animals
- Weight at study initiation: 2.84 kg (mean weight at study end was 2.88 kg)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Ssniff
- Water: ad libitum
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: intact/shaved and abraded
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: untreated skin of same animal
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 ml
- Concentration (if solution): 100% - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours without washing
- Observation period:
- 8 days
- Number of animals:
- 6 (5 male and 1 female animals)
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm
- Type of wrap if used: occlusive
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
no applicable for the main study; test substance was was washed out (using a 50% lutrol solution) after 5 min or 2 hours in another experiment with 2 additional female animals
SCORING SYSTEM:
The original BASF grading was converted into the numerical grading according to the OECD Draize system:
Erythema:
0 = No erythema
1 = Very slight erythema (barely perceptible)
2 = Well defined erythema
3 = Moderate to severe erythema
4 = Severe erythema (beet-redness) to slight, eschar formation (injuries in depth)
Edema:
0 = No edema
1 = Very slight edema (barely perceptible)
2 = Slight edema (edges of area well defined by definite raising)
3 = Moderate edema (raised approx. 1 mm)
4 = Severe edema (raised more than 1 mm and extending beyond the area of exposure)
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 8 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h application
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 8 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 24 h application
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 8 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2 h application
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.8
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 8 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2 h application
- Other effects:
- - Necrosis (some times spotted) was observed in 5/6 animals starting from the second day (from day 3 the 2 animals of the 2-hour exposure group) after exposure and was persistent (with gain in entensity) at the end of the observation period. All these observations were confirmed at necropsy (crust formation). Irritant responses were generally more intense on abraded application sites
Any other information on results incl. tables
Draize scores for intact/shaved application sites are presented below:
24 hour-treatment
Readings | Animal | Erythema | Edema | Additional findings |
24 h | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
2 | 2 | 2 | ||
3 | 2 | 2 | ||
4 | 2 | 2 | ||
5 | 2 | 2 | ||
6 | 2 | 2 | ||
48 h | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
2 | 3 | 3 | ||
3 | 3 | 3 | ||
4 | 2 | 2 | ||
5 | 2 | 2 | ||
6 | 2 | 2 | ||
72 h | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
2 | 4 | 2 | sn | |
3 | 4 | 2 | ||
4 | 4 | 2 | pn | |
5 | 2 | 2 | sn | |
6 | 2 | 2 | sn | |
8d | 1 | 2 | 2 | d |
2 | 4 | 2 | pn | |
3 | 4 | 2 | d, cr | |
4 | 4 | 2 | pn | |
5 | 4 | 2 | pn | |
6 | 2 | 2 | sn, d | |
Mean 24 - 72 h | 1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | |
2 | 3.0 | 2.3 | ||
3 | 3.0 | 2.3 | ||
4 | 2.7 | 2.0 | ||
5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | ||
6 | 2.0 | 2.0 | ||
mean | 2.4 | 2.1 |
d: desquamation
cr: crusted skin
sn: slight necrosis
pn: parchment-like necrosis
5 min/ 2 hour-treatment:
Exposure period: 5 min | Exposure period: 2 h | ||||||
Readings | Animal | Erythema | Edema | Additional findings | Erythema | Edema | Additional findings |
24 h | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | ||
2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |||
48 h | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | ||
2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |||
72 h | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | ||
2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | sn | ||
8 d | 1 | 0 | 0 | d | 4 | 2 | cr |
2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | sn, d | ||
Mean 24 - 72 h | 1 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 | ||
2 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 3.0 | |||
Mean | 1.2 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 2.8 |
sn: slight necrosis
d: desquamation
cr: crusted skin
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test substance has to be considered as irritating according to the EU (R38) or to GHS (Cat. 2), based on the erythema/edema scores and the irreversibility of the observed effects up to the end of the 8-day observation period.
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