Corsair Resin 5

Toxicity to reproduction

Administrative data

Endpoint:

screening for reproductive / developmental toxicity

Remarks:

based on test type (migrated information)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

November 29, 2007-January 28, 2008

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The study has been performed according to OECD guidelines and according to GLP principles.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2008

Report date:

2008

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 421 (Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Health Effects Test Guidelines OPPTS 870.3550, Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test, July 2000.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Limit test:

no

Test material

Reference

Name:

Unnamed

Type:

Constituent

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Corsair Resin 5
- Substance type: UVCB
- Physical state: beige solid granules
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature in the dark

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Deutschland, Sulzfeld, Germany.
- Age at study initiation: (P) Approximately 10 weeks;
- Weight at study initiation: (P) mean weights Females: 193-197 g; Males: 284-287 g
- Fasting period before study: not applicable
- Housing:
Pre-mating: Animals were housed in groups of 5 animals/sex/cage in Macrolon cages (MIV type).
Mating: Females were caged together with males on a one-to-one-basis in Macrolon cages (MIII type).
Post-mating: Males were housed in their home cage (Macrolon cages, MIV type) with a maximum of 5 animals/sex/cage. Females were individually housed in Macrolon cages (MIII type).
Lactation: Offspring was kept with the dam until termination.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 5 days prior to start of treatment.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.2 – 22.2
- Humidity (%): 25 - 84%
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

corn oil

Details on exposure:

PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
Formulations (w/w) were prepared daily within 4 hours prior to dosing and were homogenised to a visually acceptable level. Adjustment was made for specific gravity of the vehicle. No correction was made for the purity of the test substance.

VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water): Based on trial formulations
- Concentration in vehicle: 50, 150, 1000 mg/kg
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 2 ml/kg bw

Details on mating procedure:

- M/F ratio per cage: 1/1
- Length of cohabitation: until mating was confirmed.
- Proof of pregnancy: vaginal plug or sperm in vaginal smear referred to as day 0 of pregnancy
- After successful mating each pregnant female was caged: individually

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

no

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

No chemical analyses were conducted, since no analytical method could be developed for formulations of test substance in corn oil.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Males were exposed for 31 days, i.e. 2 weeks prior to mating, during mating, and up to termination.
Females were exposed for 41 to 52 days, i.e. during 2 weeks prior to mating, during mating, during post-coitum, and during at least 3 days of lactation.

Frequency of treatment:

7 days per week, approximately the same time each day with a maximum of 4 ½ hours difference between the earliest and latest dose. Animals were dosed up to the day prior to scheduled necropsy. Female 66 was not dosed on Day 12 of treatment due to bad health.

Details on study schedule:

- Age at mating of the mated animals in the study: 12 weeks

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
50, 150 and 1000 mg/kg bw
Basis:
actual ingested

No. of animals per sex per dose:

10

Dose level
mg/kg b.w./day Number of animals
F0 males F0 females
0 10 15
50 10 11
150 10 10
1000 10 10
Due to a dosing error on 13 December 2007, females 46 to 50 (Group 1) were removed from the study. Five additional females (numbers 81 to 85) were added to Group 1.
Due to accidental death of Female 57 (Group 2) on 17 December 2007, one additional female (number 86) was added to this group on 18 December 2007.

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale: The dose levels were based on a 5-day dose range finding study in which female Wistar Han rats were exposed to 500 and 1000 mg/kg for five consecutive days. No toxicity was observed.

Examinations

Parental animals: Observations and examinations:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: At least twice daily.
- Cage side observations : Mortality / Viability

DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: At least once daily

BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Males and females were weighed on the first day of exposure and weekly thereafter. Mated females were weighed on days 0, 4, 7, 11, 14, 17 and 20 of gestation, and during lactation on days 1 and 4. In order to monitor the health status, Female 66 was also weighed on Day 11 of treatment (160 gram).

FOOD CONSUMPTION : Yes
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes

WATER CONSUMPTION : No

REPRODUCTION PROCESSES: Male number paired with, mating date, confirmation of pregnancy, and delivery day was recorded.

Sperm parameters (parental animals):

Of the males of the control and high dose group, additional slides of the testes were prepared to examine staging of spermatogenesis. The testes were processed, sectioned at 3-4 microns, and stained with PAS/haematoxylin.

Litter observations:

Mortality / Viability: The numbers of live and dead pups at the First Litter Check (= check at day 1 of lactation) and daily thereafter was determined. If possible, defects or cause of death were evaluated.
Clinical signs: At least once daily, detailed clinical observations were made in all animals.
Body weights: Live pups were weighed during lactation on days 1 and 4.
Sex: Was determined for all pups on days 1 and 4 of lactation (by assessment of the ano-genital distance).

Postmortem examinations (parental animals):

SACRIFICE
- Male animals: All surviving animals, after completion of the mating period (a minimum of 28 days of dose administration)
- Maternal animals: All surviving animals, on lactation day 4 or shortly thereafter.

GROSS NECROPSY
- Gross necropsy consisted of examination of the cranial, thoracic and abdominal tissues and organs, with special attention being paid to the reproductive organs.

HISTOPATHOLOGY / ORGAN WEIGHTS
Samples of the following tissues and organs were collected and prepared:
Cervix, Clitoral gland, Coagulation gland, Epididymides, Ovaries, Pituitary gland, Preputial gland, Prostate gland, Seminal vesicles, Testes, Uterus, Vagina, All gross lesions
Epididymides and Testes were weighed.

Postmortem examinations (offspring):

Pups were killed by decapitation on day 4 of lactation or shortly thereafter.
All offspring was sexed and externally examined if practically possible. The stomach was examined for the presence of milk. Descriptions of all external abnormalities were recorded. If possible, defects or cause of death were evaluated.

Statistics:

The following statistical methods were used to analyse the data:
- If the variables could be assumed to follow a normal distribution, the Dunnett-test (Dunnett, 1955) (many-to-one t-test) based on a pooled variance estimate was applied for the comparison of the treated groups and the control groups for each sex.
- The Steel-test (Miller, 1981) (many-to-one rank test) was applied if the data could not be assumed to follow a normal distribution.
- The Fisher Exact-test (Fisher, 1950) was applied to frequency data.

All tests were two-sided and in all cases p < 0.05 was accepted as the lowest level of significance.

No statistical analysis was performed on histopathology findings.

Reproductive indices:

Percentage mating: Number of females mated x 100/Number of females paired
Fertility index: Number of pregnant females x 100/Number of females paired
Conception rate: Number of pregnant females x 100/Number of females mated
Gestation index: Number of females bearing live pups x 100/Number of pregnant females
Duration of gestation: Number of days between confirmation of mating and the beginning of parturition

Offspring viability indices:

Percentage live males at First Litter Check: Number of live male pups at First Litter Check x 100/Number of live pups at First Litter Check
Percentage live females at First Litter Check: Number of live female pups at First Litter Check x 100/Number of live pups at First Litter Check
Percentage of postnatal loss days 0-4 post partum: Number of dead pups on day 4 post partum x 100/Number of live pups at First Litter Check
Viability index: Number of live pups on day 4 post partum x 100/Number of pups born alive

Results and discussion

Results: P0 (first parental generation)

General toxicity (P0)

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

no effects observed

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

no effects observed

Other effects:

not examined

Reproductive function / performance (P0)

Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:

not examined

Reproductive function: sperm measures:

not examined

Reproductive performance:

no effects observed

Effect levels (P0)

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Remarks:

parental, reproduction and breeding

Effect level:

>= 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: There were no treatment related changes for mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, macroscopic and microscopic examination, organ weights, reproduction, and breeding data up to 1000 mg/kg.

Results: F1 generation

General toxicity (F1)

Clinical signs:

no effects observed

Mortality / viability:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Sexual maturation:

not examined

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

not examined

Gross pathological findings:

no effects observed

Histopathological findings:

not examined

Effect levels (F1)

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Remarks:

developmental

Generation:

F1

Effect level:

>= 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

other: There were no treatment related changes for pup development up to 1000 mg/kg.

Overall reproductive toxicity

Reproductive effects observed:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Treatment with Corsair Resin 5 by oral gavage in male and female Wistar Han rats at dose levels of 50, 150 and 1000 mg/kg body weight/day revealed no parental, reproduction, breeding and developmental toxicity for treatment up to 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.

Based on these findings, the parental, reproduction, breeding and developmental No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) was established at least at 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.