Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 204-373-2 | CAS number: 120-14-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 4 February - 6 March 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Singular samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control according to the schedule below.
Frequency: at t=0 h and t=48 h
Volume: 3 ml
Storage: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis.
At the end of the exposure period, the replicates were pooled at each concentration before sampling. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The standard test procedures required generation of test solutions, which contained completely dissolved test substance concentrations or stable and homogeneous mixtures or dispersions. The testing of concentrations that would disturb the test system was prevented as much as possible (e.g. film of the test substance on the water surface). No correction was made for the purity/composition of the test substance.
The test substance was a white crystalline powder with a purity of 100.0% and completely soluble in test medium at the highest concentration prepared for the final test.
Preparation of test solutions started with the highest concentration of 100 mg/l. Two days of magnetic stirring were applied to ensure reaching maximum dissolution in test medium. The resulting dispersions obtained in the combined limit/range-finding and final test were filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane filter (Whatman, RC55) to remove a limited fraction of undissolved material. The resulting clear and colourless filtrate was used to prepare the lower test concentrations by subsequent dilution in test medium. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820) at least third generation, obtained by acyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history; Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
- Feeding during culture: Daily, a suspension of fresh water algae.
- Feeding during study: no.
- Age at study initiation: young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours
METHOD FOR DAPHNIA BREEDING:
Start of each batch: With newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
Maximum age of the cultures: 4 weeks
Renewal of the cultures: After 7 days of cultivation half of the medium twice a week.
Temperature of medium: 18-22°C
Type of medium: M7, as prescribed by Dr. Elendt-Schneider. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- The temperature of the test medium was between 19.7 and 20.6°C at the start of the test. The temperature continuously measured in a temperature control vessel varied between 18.9 and 20.5°C during the test, and complied with the requirements for this test (18-22°C, constant within 2°C).
- pH:
- The pH values complied with the requirements for this test (values between 6.0-8.5, not varying by more than 1.5 unit), because they were in the range of 7.9-8.0 at the start and 8.0-8.1 at the end of the test.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- The oxygen concentrations complied with the requirements for this test (values ≥3 mg/l at the end of the test), because they were in the range of 9.2-9.4 mg/l at the end of the test.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The test substance was completely soluble in test medium at the highest concentration prepared for the final test. The highest concentration of 100 mg/l prepared in the final test was completely dissolved and subsequently used for testing and preparation of the lower concentrations by dilution.
Nominal concentrations of 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/l were used.
Analysis of the samples taken during the final test showed that measured concentrations were stable and in agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal): 4.29, 9.34, 21.1, 44.2, 98.9. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers of approximately 100 mL volume
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Type: M7, as prescribed by Dr. Elendt-Schneider
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH-values and dissolved oxygen concentrations were determined in all test media of each treatment group at the beginning and at the end of the test; temperature of medium was measured continuously, beginning at the start of the test.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mobility (at 24 and 48 hours)
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate (January 2017)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 52 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: The 95% confidence interval between 45 and 64 mg/l.
- Remarks:
- Analysis of the samples taken during the final test showed that measured concentrations were stable and in agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal). Hence, toxicity parameters could be based on analytically confirmed nominal concentrations.
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural observations: a number of daphnia were observed trapped at the surface of the test solutions: 1 at 10 mg/l and 1 at 22 mg/l after 48 hours, and 4 at 100 mg/l after 24 hours.
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance: valid
- Dose-response test: yes; tested concentrations: 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.0 and 1.8 mg/l
- The main test: 24h-EC50 = 0.78 mg/L (95% C.I.: 0.69-0.93 mg/l); 48h-EC50 = 0.53 (95% C.I.: 0.49-0.62 mg/l) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50-value was calculated at 24 and 48 hours of exposure from the probits of the percentages of affected daphnids and the logarithms of the corresponding test substance concentrations using the maximum likelihood estimation method (Finney, D.J., 1971: Probit analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 3rd edition).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1) In the control, no daphnids became immobilised or showed other signs of disease or stress. 2) The oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥3 mg/L in control and test vessels.
- Conclusions:
- The 48h-EC50 value to Daphnia magna was 52.0 mg/L based on the nominal concentrations. Analysis of the samples taken during the final test showed that measured concentrations were stable and in agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal). Hence, toxicity parameters could be based on analytically confirmed nominal concentrations.
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the substance to Daphnia magna. The study was conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 and GLP under static conditions. Based on the results of a range-finding test, the following nominal concentrations were tested in the definitive test: untreated control, 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/l. For each concentration and a control group, twenty Daphnia magna (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 48 hours. The incidence of immobilisation was recorded for each test and control group at 24 hours and at 48 hours. Samples taken from all concentrations at the start and the end of 48 -hour exposure were analysed. The measured concentrations were in agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal). Hence, toxicity parameters could be based on analytically confirmed nominal concentrations. The 48h-EC50 value to Daphnia magna was 52.0 mg/L based on these nominal concentrations.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: read across was applied
- Justification for type of information:
- Read across from Piperonal was applied. The respective read-across document can be found in the endpoint summary. The read-across document is also attached in the endpoint summary.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 52 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: The 95% confidence interval between 45 and 64 mg/l.
- Remarks:
- Analysis of the samples taken during the final test showed that measured concentrations were stable and in agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal). Hence, toxicity parameters could be based on analytically confirmed nominal concentrations.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Read across documentation according to Annex XI is available
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 for Daphnia is 52 mg/l.
Referenceopen allclose all
Cumulative Immobilization Data and Observations in the Definitive Test
Geometric mean measured Concentration [mg/L] |
No. of Daphnia tested |
No. of immobilized Daphnia after |
% of immobilized Daphnia after |
||
24 h |
48 h |
24 h |
48 h |
||
|
|
||||
Control |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4.6 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
20 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
5 |
22 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
46 |
20 |
1 |
7 |
5 |
35 |
100 |
20 |
14 |
19 |
70 |
95 |
Analytical results:
Time of sampling [hours]
|
Concentration Nominal [mg/l]
|
Concentration Analysed [mg/l]
|
Relative to nominal [%]
|
|||
0 |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
100 |
98.2 |
98 |
|||
48 |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|||
|
100 |
98.9 |
99 |
Description of key information
Read across from Piperonal was applied. The full read across justification can be found in the Endpoint Summary. Below is the summary of the study performed with Piperonal.
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the substance to Daphnia magna. The study was conducted in accordance with OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 and GLP under static conditions. Based on the results of a range-finding test, the following nominal concentrations were tested in the definitive test: untreated control, 4.6, 10, 22, 46 and 100 mg/l. For each concentration and a control group, twenty Daphnia magna (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 48 hours. The incidence of immobilisation was recorded for each test and control group at 24 hours and at 48 hours. Samples taken from all concentrations at the start and the end of 48 -hour exposure were analysed. The measured concentrations werein agreement with nominal (93-99% relative to nominal). Hence, toxicity parameters could be based on analytically confirmed nominal concentrations.
The 48h-EC50 value to Daphnia magna was 52.0 mg/L based on these nominal concentrations.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 52 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.