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EC number: 800-884-5 | CAS number: 1154308-86-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06-February-2013-to-07-March-2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted in accordance with current Guideline and is GLP compliant.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Version / remarks:
- July 2010
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- To prepare test vessels at 10 and 100 mg/L, the substance coating additives was weighed directly onto glass cover slips and these added to the appropriate test vessel (500 mL glass conical flask) to give the required test concentrations. The flasks had the appropriate amount of deionised water added (234 mL) and were ultrasonicated for ca. 10 min to aid dissolution. To prepare the test vessel at 1 mg/L, a 10 mg/L solution ofthe substance coating additives was prepared by adding the substance coating additives (10.10 mg) to deionised water (1 L) and ultrasonicating for ca. 10 min to aid dissolution. An aliquot (50 mL) from this 10 mg/L solution was added to the appropriate test vessel containing deionised water (184 mL).
The reference item, 3,5-DCP, was tested at nominal concentrations of: 5, 15 and 30 mg/L.
A 1 g/L reference item stock solution was prepared by adding 3,5-DCP (0.25019 g) to a volumetric flask (250 mL) and bringing to volume with deionised water. The solution was ultrasonicated for ca 10 min to aid dissolution. Aliquots were then added to the appropriate test vessel to give the required reference item test concentrations.
Prior to initiation of the test, both control vessels and reference item vessels were prepared by adding 16 mL of synthetic sewage feed and an appropriate volume of deionised water. An appropriate volume of the reference item was added to the reference item vessels and the weighed test item then added to the appropriate test item vessels. At time ‘0’ microbial inoculum (250 mL) was added to control vessel C1 to give a final volume of 500 mL. This process was repeated at 15 min intervals in the order outlined in the table in the 'test conditions' section below (i.e. from left to right, ending with C2). - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - Preparation of inoculum for exposure: On arrival at the laboratory, approximately 400 mL of the clear supernatant was removed from each sample of sewage sludge and the sludge then aerated. The solid content of the sludge was determined by shaking the bottle of sludge to homogenise thoroughly. Duplicate sub-samples (5 mL) of the homogenised sludge were dried in an oven at approximately 105°C and the suspended solids content determined as 2.382 g/L. Ca. 600 mL of sludge was removed from each sample of sludge leaving 4 L remaining. Synthetic sewage feed was then added to the sludge at a rate of 50 mL/L of sludge and the sludge left aerating overnight. The solid content of the sludge was then re-determined and found to be 2.895 g/L, which was acceptable for use in the test.
- Test type:
- other: aerated
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- The dissolved oxygen concentration was recorded at 30 s intervals for a period of 10 min. The dissolved oxygen concentration was measured using a Yellow Springs Inc. Dissolved Oxygen meter (Model No. 5100) and BOD probe (Model No. 5010) with agitator paddle. The above processes were repeated for each vessel after the 3 hour contact time.
- pH:
- 7.85 - 8.00
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 500 mL conical flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Fill volume: 500 mL
- Aeration: airflow rate = 1.0 L/min
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Charles River, Tranent
- Water bath temperature: 19.7-20.5°C (monitored throughout the test)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: the pH of reference and control vessels was adjusted as necessary using 1 M HCL solution
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP). Aldrich (Batch No. MKBF6101V). Purity of 97%. EXP: January 2014
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid: yes
- Relevant effect levels: 3 h EC50 7.49 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 3 h EC50 (respiration inhibition) for 3,5-dichlorophenol to activated sludge was estimated, using the non-parametric Trimmed Spearman-Karber Method (Hamilton et al, 1977), as 7.49 mg/L, with 95 % confidence limits of 6.46 and 8.67 mg/L, under test conditions.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the 3 h EC50 and EC05 of the test substance for effects on activated sludge were both determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal).
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the effects of the test substance, on the respiration rate of activated sludge microorganisms according to OECD guideline 209, in compliance with GLP. The test was conducted at the following nominal test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L. Single vessels were tested for test concentrations of 1 and 10 mg/L, triplicate vessels were tested at 100 mg/L. A reference substance (3, 5 dichlorophenol) was tested as a positive control at the following nominal concentrations: 5, 15 and 30 mg/L. Duplicate control vessels were also tested. The prepared vessels were aerated for 3 h, after which dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured at 30 sec intervals for up to a maximum period of 10 min. The respiration rate (mg O2/L/h) was calculated over the linear phase of oxygen consumption for each vessel (ca 7.0 – 2.0 mg O2/L). Where respiration rate was low, the calculation was conducted over the full linear range. The respiration inhibition (%) was compared to the mean control vessel respiration rate, for both the reference and test substances. The coefficient of variation of oxygen uptake rate in control replicates was 4.64%. No inhibition of respiration was noted at 1, 10 and 100 mg/L test concentrations. As there was no inhibition of respiration at any test concentration, the 3 h EC5/ELr5, EC20/ELr20 and EC90/ELr90 for the test substance to activated sludge respiration were each estimated as >100 mg/L (nominal). The 3 h EC50 (respiration inhibition) for 3,5-dichlorophenol to activated sludge was estimated as 7.49 mg/L, with 95 % confidence limits of 6.46 and 8.67 mg/L. The test met guideline validity criteria as the coefficient of variation in control replicates was less than 15%, the EC50 (3 h) for the reference substance was in the range 2 to 25 mg/L and the oxygen uptake in the controls was greater than 20 mg oxygen/g of activated sludge/h. Under the study conditions, the 3 h EC50 and EC05 of the test substance for effects on activated sludge were both determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal) (Knight, 2013).
Reference
Dissolved Oxygen Measurements (mg O2/L) at 3 h Contact Time
Time (min) |
Dissolved Oxygen Measurements at 3 h Contact Time (mg O2/L) |
|||||||||
Control C1 |
Nominal Concentration of the substance coating additives (mg/L) |
3,5-DCP (mg/L) |
Control C2 |
|||||||
1 |
10 |
100 (I) |
100 (II) |
100 (III) |
5 |
15 |
30 |
|||
0.5 |
7.70 |
7.34 |
7.57 |
6.98 |
7.44 |
5.39 |
8.06 |
8.75 |
8.62 |
7.53 |
1 |
7.25 |
6.74 |
7.04 |
6.47 |
6.98 |
4.86 |
7.71 |
8.65 |
8.49 |
7.04 |
1.5 |
6.80 |
6.21 |
6.49 |
5.92 |
6.52 |
4.35 |
7.39 |
8.56 |
8.42 |
6.52 |
2 |
6.32 |
5.65 |
5.99 |
5.44 |
6.06 |
3.84 |
7.05 |
8.46 |
8.32 |
6.04 |
2.5 |
5.88 |
5.11 |
5.45 |
4.88 |
5.58 |
3.33 |
6.73 |
8.35 |
8.24 |
5.51 |
3 |
5.41 |
4.61 |
4.95 |
4.41 |
5.16 |
2.82 |
6.41 |
8.25 |
8.15 |
5.01 |
3.5 |
4.95 |
4.03 |
4.44 |
3.90 |
4.71 |
2.31 |
6.07 |
8.17 |
8.07 |
4.55 |
4 |
4.49 |
3.49 |
3.94 |
3.39 |
4.24 |
1.81 |
5.75 |
8.08 |
7.99 |
4.06 |
4.5 |
4.03 |
2.99 |
3.47 |
2.89 |
3.78 |
1.34 |
5.40 |
8.01 |
7.92 |
3.57 |
5 |
3.57 |
2.42 |
2.97 |
2.38 |
3.33 |
0.83 |
5.09 |
7.92 |
7.84 |
3.07 |
5.5 |
3.11 |
1.93 |
2.47 |
1.87 |
2.88 |
0.34 |
4.77 |
7.84 |
7.75 |
2.58 |
6 |
2.65 |
1.36 |
1.97 |
1.37 |
2.43 |
0.00 |
4.45 |
7.76 |
7.68 |
2.09 |
6.5 |
2.19 |
0.87 |
1.47 |
0.86 |
1.98 |
0.00 |
4.12 |
7.66 |
7.61 |
1.60 |
7 |
1.73 |
0.35 |
0.97 |
0.38 |
1.52 |
0.00 |
3.80 |
7.57 |
7.52 |
1.12 |
7.5 |
1.27 |
0.00 |
0.48 |
0.00 |
1.08 |
0.00 |
3.47 |
7.48 |
7.46 |
0.63 |
8 |
0.82 |
0.00 |
0.02 |
0.00 |
0.63 |
0.00 |
3.14 |
7.39 |
7.38 |
0.16 |
8.5 |
0.37 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.19 |
0.00 |
2.82 |
7.30 |
7.30 |
0.00 |
9 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.50 |
7.21 |
7.24 |
0.00 |
9.5 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.18 |
7.12 |
7.16 |
0.00 |
10 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.86 |
7.04 |
7.08 |
0.00 |
Note: When 2 consecutive readings of 0 mg O2/L are recorded, further readings are not made and subsequent time points are allocated 0 mg O2/L
Respiration Rates and Percentage Inhibition
Treatment |
Concentration (mg/L) |
Respiration Rate (mg O2/L/h) |
% Inhibition |
The substance coating additives (mg/L) |
1 |
64.80 |
0.00 |
10 |
60.93 |
0.00 |
|
100 Rep I |
61.35 |
0.00 |
|
100 Rep II |
54.60 |
4.53 |
|
100 Rep III |
61.60 |
0.00 |
|
Mean Respiration Rate for 100 mg/L |
59.18 |
0.00 |
|
3, 5-DCP (mg/L) |
5 |
39.00 |
31.81 |
15 |
10.80 |
81.12 |
|
30 |
9.73 |
82.99 |
|
Control 1 |
NA |
55.32 |
NA |
Control 2 |
NA |
59.07 |
NA |
Mean of Controls |
NA |
57.20 |
NA |
Coefficient of Variation in Control Replicates (%) |
4.64 |
NA |
NA = Not applicable
Description of key information
The 3 h EC50 and EC05 values of the test substance for inhibition of respiration rate of the activated sludge were both determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 100 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
A study was conducted to determine the effects of the test substance, on the respiration rate of activated sludge microorganisms according to OECD guideline 209, in compliance with GLP. The test was conducted at the following nominal test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L. Single vessels were tested for test concentrations of 1 and 10 mg/L, triplicate vessels were tested at 100 mg/L. A reference substance (3, 5 dichlorophenol) was tested as a positive control at the following nominal concentrations: 5, 15 and 30 mg/L. Duplicate control vessels were also tested. The prepared vessels were aerated for 3 h, after which dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured at 30 sec intervals for up to a maximum period of 10 min. The respiration rate (mg O2/L/h) was calculated over the linear phase of oxygen consumption for each vessel (ca 7.0 – 2.0 mg O2/L). Where respiration rate was low, the calculation was conducted over the full linear range. The respiration inhibition (%) was compared to the mean control vessel respiration rate, for both the reference and test substances. The coefficient of variation of oxygen uptake rate in control replicates was 4.64%. No inhibition of respiration was noted at 1, 10 and 100 mg/L test concentrations. As there was no inhibition of respiration at any test concentration, the 3 h EC5/ELr5, EC20/ELr20 and EC90/ELr90 for the test substance to activated sludge respiration were each estimated as >100 mg/L (nominal). The 3 h EC50 (respiration inhibition) for 3,5-dichlorophenol to activated sludge was estimated as 7.49 mg/L, with 95 % confidence limits of 6.46 and 8.67 mg/L. The test met guideline validity criteria as the coefficient of variation in control replicates was less than 15%, the EC50 (3 h) for the reference substance was in the range 2 to 25 mg/L and the oxygen uptake in the controls was greater than 20 mg oxygen/g of activated sludge/h. Under the study conditions, the 3 h EC50 and EC05 of the test substance for effects on activated sludge were both determined to be >100 mg/L (nominal) (Knight, 2013).
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