Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 11.5 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
- PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):
- 13.5 µg/L
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 1.15 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 100
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 10 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 1.564 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.156 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 0.305 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- equilibrium partitioning method
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
Deduction of PNECs is based on the Guidance Document 'Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment - Chapter R.10: Characterisation of dose[concentration]-response for environment" (TGD R.10) published by the European Chemicals Agency, 2008.
The substance phenol, mono- & distyrenated (LS 500) consists essentially of three constituents: 2-(1-phenylethyl)phenol (2-MSP), 4-(1-phenylethyl)phenol (4-MSP), and 2,4-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol (DSP) in a ratio of approx. 2:4:3. The portion of monostyrenated phenols in LS 500 amounts to approx. 50 - 70 percent. A minor component (ca. 0.2 to 5 %) is 2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenol (TSP). PNECs for phenol, mono- & distyrenated were derived using the parameters specified in the endpoint summaries related to phenol, mono- & distyrenated. For sediment freshwater and marine water and for soil, PNECs were estimated using the equilibrium partioning method (see below).
When using the equilibrium partitioning method, values for Koc and Henry's Law Constant (HLC) are required in calculating the PNECs. As measured values for theses parameters are not available for LS 500, calculated/estimated values are employed.
Due to the differences in Koc values of the components, PNECs sediment and soil are much lower for monostyrenated phenols than for distyrenated and tristyrenated phenols. As values for Koc and Henry's Law Constant cannot be calculated for the LS 500 mixture and as values for monostyrenated phenols result in much lower PNECs for sediment and soil compared to distyrenated/tristyrenated phenol, data for 2-(1-phenylethyl)phenol (mono-styrenated phenol) is used in the deduction of PNECs sediment and soil standing as a worst case for the substance LS 500. In addition, the use of monostyrenated phenol in the calculation of PNEC sediment and soil is justified as monostyrenated phenols account for about 50 - 75% of phenol, mono- & distyrenated (LS500).
PNECs aqua (freshwater / marine water) have been derived based on measured aquatic toxicity data. These PNECs are entered in the equilibrium partitioning calculations.
Estimates for Koc and HLC are taken from the respective programmes of US EPA EPIWIN v.4.1. The calculation methods are well established and validated according to acknowledged rules. Results are considered valid within the range and scope of the calculation methods. Results for 2-(1-phenylethyl)phenol and 4-(1-phenylethyl)phenol are practically identical. The values for 2-(1-phenylethyl)phenol are reported in IUCLID (Sect. 5.4.1 and 5.4.2) or in the CSR (Chapter 4.2.1. and 4.2.2.) and taken for the calculations.
PNEC sediment (freshwater)
According to chapter R.10.5.2.1 of TGD R.10, the PNEC sediment can provisionally be calculated in the absence of data for sediment-dwelling organisms using the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM).
PNEC derivation following procedures of TGD R.10 and R.16:
PNEC aqua (freshwater): 11.5 µg/L,
Koc: 1,324 (US EPA EPI Suite estimate, program KOCWIN v2.00, Koc estimate from log Kow; see IUCLID Sect. 5.4.1 or CSR Chapt. 4.2.1.),
The PNEC sediment (freshwater) was calculated to 0.340 mg/kg ww. This value was converted into dry weight (conversion factor of 4.6) resulting in a PNEC sediment (freshwater) of 1.564 mg/kg sediment dw.
PNEC sediment (marine water)
According to chapter R.10.5.3.1 of TGD R.10, the PNEC sediment can provisionally be calculated in the absence of data for sediment-dwelling organisms using the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM).
PNEC derivation following procedures of TGD R.10 and R.16:
PNEC aqua (marine water): 1.15 µg/L,
Koc: 1,324 (US EPA EPI Suite estimate, program KOCWIN v2.00, Koc estimate from log Kow; see IUCLID Sect. 5.4.1 or CSR Chapt. 4.2.1.),
The PNEC sediment (marine water) was calculated to 0.34 mg/kg ww. This value was converted into dry weight (conversion factor of 4.6) resulting in a PNEC sediment (marine water) of 1.564 mg/kg sediment dw.
PNEC soil
According to chapter R.10.6.1 of TGD R.10, the PNEC soil can provisionally be calculated in the absence of data for soil organisms using the equilibrium partitioning method (EPM).
PNEC derivation following procedures of TGD R.10 and R.16:
PNEC water (freshwater): 11.5 µg/L,
Koc: 1324 (US EPA EPI Suite estimate, program KOCWIN v2.00, Koc estimate from log Kow; see IUCLID Sect. 5.4.1 or CSR Chapt. 4.2.1.),
HLC: 0.0364 Pa*m³/mol (US EPA EPI Suite estimate, program HENRYWIN v3.20; see IUCLID Sect. 5.4.2 or CSR Chapt. 4.2.2.);
The PNEC soil was calculated to 0.27 mg/kg ww. This value was converted into dry weight (conversion factor of 1.13) resulting in a PNEC soil of 0.305 mg/kg soil dw.
Secondary poisoning
For LS 500 itself, no data on bioaccumulation in the food chain are available.
For the closely related substance cumylphenol (4-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenol, 4-(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol), a BCF in fish (cyprinus carpio) of 69 - 190 (8 wks, steady state) has been determined (concentration in medium 10 and 1 µg/L) (National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, Japan, 2002). The substance is assessed as not being bioaccumulative.
In a flow-through feeding study (Scheerbaum D 2008, reported in Brooke et aL: 2009: "Environmental risk evaluation report: Styrenated phenol" Environmental Agency, Bristol, UK 2009, ISBN 978-1-84911-162-1), it was found, that distyrenated phenol did not accumulate in fish fed with diet containing 342 ± 50 mg/kg food. After uptake at day 1 and day 5 (concentrations of 5.89 and 3.95 mg/kg fish, respectively), the substance concentrations in fish decrease to a level below detection at day 10. Results can be interpreted that metabolism and elimination are induced by the substance and exceed its uptake from diet by day 5 to 10.
Both results indicate that bioconcentration of phenol, mono- &distyrenated (LS 500) in the food chain is of no concern.
Conclusion on classification
Based on available data, phenol, mono- & distyrenated is classified as Aquatic Chronic 2 according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 (CLP regulation).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.