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EC number: 234-546-8 | CAS number: 12009-21-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Studies on the acute oral toxicity of barium zirconate revealed that they are of relatively low toxicity, which may be due in part to the insolubility of this material. However, rats given barium zirconate at levels in the 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg range finding tests all died and so testing at lower levels up to 5 g/kg were carried out.
In those instances where a lethal dose was administered the majority of the animals died within 12 hours,although some survived for as long as 36 hours. The gross pathological and histological examinations carried out on these animals showed no characteristic changes.
The analysis for the barium zirconate that was used for these tests appears to have had some barium carbonate impurity. Barium carbonate is soluble and exhibits acute oral toxicity in the rage 1600 - 2000 mg/kg/bw. It may be that the fact that this impurity was present was the cause of the acute oral toxicity in the barium zirconate tested. Nevertheless, the barium zirconate substance under registration also contains low level barium carbonate impurity albeit not at the same high level as the test material in this study report. However, a precautionary approach has been taken in the absence of any further available oral toxicity data and this substance has been classified as poentially harmful by ingestion.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- The study is old (1963) but has been done to accepted oral toxicity methods and sufficient detail is given.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 81-1 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not applicable
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The acute oral and intraperitoneal toxicity tests were carried out with male white rats of the Wistar strain weighing about 200 grams.
The compounds were administered as a suspension in corn oil, measured amounts of which were given by means of a calibrated syringe and stomach tube for oral toxicity tests, and with an 18 gauge needle for the intraperitoneal toxicity tests.
Range-finding doses having been previously carried out, the LD50, values were determined by administering the two materials to four groups of six rats in amounts which increased progressively by a factor of two. The LD50 doses were calculated from the tables published by Weil.
All animals which died as a result of this acute toxicity testing were autopsied and a histological examination carried out. The survivors were kept on a normal diet for a period of one month to determine what delayed effects, if any, might arise. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- Work done prior to GLP standard being required
- Test type:
- acute toxic class method
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Barium zirconate (BaZrO,) is a fine grayish-white powder which is insoluble in water.
The average particle size of the commercial product is 0.5 to 3.0 microns.
A typical chemical analysis by weight is: 40.18% ZrO,; 50.92% BaO; 0.25% TiO,; 0.10% CaO; 0.05% MgO; 0.32% SrO; 1.70% SiO,; 0.11% A1,0,; 0.10% Fe,O,; 0.05% K,O; 0.11% Na,O; 0.001% CuO; 0.04% P,O,; 0.33% SO,; 5.11% CO2 and 5.69% ignition loss.
The presence of 5.11% CO2 and an ignition loss of 5.69% may suggest that this sample contained barium carbonate as an impurity at a level between 1 - 10 % - Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- male white rats of the Wistar strain weighing about 200 grams
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- The compounds were administered as a suspension in corn oil, measured amounts of which were given by means of a calibrated syringe and stomach tube for oral toxicity tests.
- Doses:
- Oral doses of 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg of body weight were given as range-finding doses.
Rats given zirconium lactate survived, whereas those receiving barium zirconate in excess of 1.5 g/kg died.
Groups of six rats were then given graduated doses of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 g/kg of barium zirconate - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Six
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Preliminary study:
- Yes - Oral doses of 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg of body weight were given as range-finding doses. Rats given barium zirconate in excess of 1.5 g/kg died
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 980 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 4 based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- LD50 = 1980 mg/kg/bw
- Conclusions:
- Studies on the acute oral toxicity of barium zirconate revealed that they are of relatively low toxicity, which may be due in part to the insolubility of this material.
However, rats given barium zirconate at levels in the 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg range finding tests all died and so testing at lower levels up to 5 g/kg were carried out.
In those instances where a lethal dose was administered the majority of the animals died within 12 hours,although some survived for as long as 36 hours. The gross pathological and histological examinations carried out on these animals showed no characteristic changes.
The analysis for the barium zirconate that was used for these tests appears to have had some barium carbonate impurity. Barium carbonate is soluble and exhibits acute oral toxicity in the rage 1600 - 2000 mg/kg/bw. It may be that the fact that this impurity was present was the cause of the acute oral toxicity in the barium zirconate tested.
Nevertheless, the barium zirconate substance under registration also contains low level barium carbonate impurity albeit not at the same high level as the test material in this study report. However, a precautionary approach has been taken in the absence of any further available oral toxicity data and this substance has been classified as poentially harmful by ingestion.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 1 980 mg/kg bw
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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