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EC number: 221-297-5 | CAS number: 3058-38-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- This study was performed according to OECD Guideline 301F with GLP statement. All validity criteria were fulfilled.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Certificate of compliance with good laboratory practice according to directives 2004/9/CE and 2004/10/CE
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Physical state: White powder
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Activated sludge from a predominantly municipal WWTP.
Decantation of sludge was fast and total (no floating sludge)
Inoculum was kept at room temperature with large aeration and was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Before use, the activated sludge was washed with media after decantation.
Activated sludge were maintained in the laboratory under aeration condition before use. The concentration of suspended matter of the activated sludge used for the study was 3.28 g/L. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 102.68 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral medium ventilated until a value close to saturation in air and pH stabilization were obtained. No pH adjustment was needed.
Test media was used the day of preparation
- Test temperature: 21 °C
- Continuous darkness: Yes
- Water: Demineralised water used during the study
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: glass flask SCHOTT Duran
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
2 with test media and inoculum (blank solutions = control),
2 with test media, inoculum and test item (test item suspensions),
1 with test media, inoculum and reference item (reference suspension / procedure control),
1 with test media, inoculum, test item and reference item (toxicity control),
1 with test media, test item and sterilizing agent (abiotic sterile control).
- Measuring equipment: The respirometers used during the study are Measurement system Oxitop made by WTW
- Test performed in closed vessels: Yes
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Procedure control: Yes with the reference substance
- Toxicity control: Yes
TOXICITY OF THE TEST SUBSTANCE
The toxicity of the test substance for the inoculum was checked. A flask of the volumetric respirometer was filled with mineral medium + test substance + reference substance + inoculum and their respirations were recorded as for the other flasks. If they are lower than those of the flasks containing mineral medium + reference substance + inoculum, the test substance can be assumed to be inhibitory to the inoculum used. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- 104.64 mg/L
- Preliminary study:
- None
- Test performance:
- The BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) values were given by OXITOP OC 110 Controller and depending from the initial parameters (volume of bottle: 610 mL, filling volume: 252 mL ± 1 mL).
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- For the test item solutions abiotic control, BODs after 28 days were lower than in the controls. However, due to the results from the toxicity control this was not considered to suggest an inhibitory impact of the test substance on the inoculum.
The test item solutions and abiotic control showed no significant oxygen consumption after 28 days. - Results with reference substance:
- Degradation of sodium benzoate exceeded 40% after 3 days and 65% after 4 days: the activity of the inoculum was thus verified (validity criterion).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions, test substance should be regarded as not readily biodegradable according to this test.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test substance has been determined by Manometric Respirometry Test according to the OECD Guideline No. 301F, EU Method C.4 -D with GLP compliance.
A nominal concentration of the test substance (102.68 mg/L) introduced in the system.
The curves obtained for the test item solutions abiotic control, BODs after 28 days were lower than in the controls. However, due to the results from the toxicity control this was not considered to suggest an inhibitory impact of the test substance on the inoculum. The test substance underwent 0% biodegradation after 28 days under the test conditions. The repeatability validity criterion (not more than 20% difference between replicates) was fulfilled for the flasks containing test substance. Therefore, the test is considered valid.
Degradation of sodium benzoate exceeded 40 % after 3 days and 65 % after 4 days: the activity of the inoculum is thus verified.
Reference
Percentage of biodegradation
|
Biodegradation rate (%) |
||||
Time (days) |
Test item solution 1 |
Test item solution 2 |
Absolute difference |
Reference control |
Toxicity control |
0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
- |
0.0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.0 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
16.5 |
13.2 |
2 |
0.0 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
36.4 |
23.5 |
3 |
0.6 |
1.9 |
1.3 |
59.0 |
28.7 |
4 |
-0.6 |
1.9 |
2.5 |
73.6 |
39.6 |
5 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
79.4 |
41.1 |
7 |
-0.6 |
4.4 |
5.0 |
83.4 |
46.2 |
10 |
-1.3 |
1.3 |
2.5 |
89.5 |
48.9 |
14 |
-3.1 |
3.1 |
6.3 |
92.8 |
48.8 |
21 |
-3.1 |
0.6 |
3.8 |
98.8 |
51.4 |
28 |
-3.8 |
-2.5 |
1.3 |
99.3 |
50.1 |
Description of key information
OECD Guideline 301F, EU Method C.4 -D, GLP, key study, validity 1:
0% biodegradabilty after 28 days.
Not readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
The biodegradability study (SGS, 2018) was assessed as the key study and was performed on the registered substance according to the OECD Guideline No. 301F, EU Method C.4 -D with GLP compliance. The test substance was exposed at a concentration of 102.68 mg/L to activated sewage sludge micro-organisms with culture medium at a temperature of 21°C for 28 days. The degradation of the test substance was assessed by the measurement of oxygen consumption. Control solutions with inoculum and the standard material (Sodium benzoate), together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes. The curves obtained for the mineralisation of test item solutions after 28 days were lower than in the controls. However, due to the results from the toxicity control this was not considered to suggest an inhibitory impact of the test substance on the inoculum. The test substance underwent 0% biodegradation after 28 days under the test conditions. The repeatability validity criterion (not more than 20% difference between replicates) was fulfilled for the flasks containing test substance. Therefore, the test is considered valid. Degradation of sodium benzoate exceeded 40 % after 3 days and 65 % after 4 days: the activity of the inoculum was thus verified. In conclusion, under the test conditions, test substance should be regarded as not readily biodegradable.
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