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EC number: 219-698-5 | CAS number: 2499-95-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Non-mutagenicity of 27 aliphatic acrylate esters in the Salmonella-microsome test
- Author:
- T.H.J.M. Waegemaekers, and M.P.M Bensink
- Year:
- 1 984
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutation Research Vol. 137:95-102
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: The mutagenicity of n-hexyl acrylate was tested in the Salmonella-microsome assay according to the method of Ames et al. (1975).
- Short description of test conditions: N-hexyl acrylate was tested in triplicate in S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, and TA100 with and without microbial activation (phenobarbital and aroclor 1254 induced rat liver S9 fractions). N-hexyl acrylate was tested up to cytotoxic concentrations.
- Parameters analysed / observed: Revertant colonies were counted manually after incubation in the dark at 37C for 48-72 hours. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Hexyl acrylate
- EC Number:
- 219-698-5
- EC Name:
- Hexyl acrylate
- Cas Number:
- 2499-95-8
- Molecular formula:
- C9H16O2
- IUPAC Name:
- hexyl prop-2-enoate
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Polyscience Inc.
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: not specified
- Purity test date:not specified
Method
- Target gene:
- Each S. typhimurium tester strain contains, in addition to a mutation in the histidine operon, additional mutations that enhance sensitivity to some mutagens. The rfa mutation results in a cell wall deficiency that increases the permeability of the cell to certain classes of chemicals such as those containing large ring systems that would otherwise be excluded. The deletion in the uvrB gene results in a deficient DNA excision-repair system. Tester strains TA98, and TA100 also contain the pKM101 plasmid (carrying the R-factor). It has been suggested that the plasmid increases sensitivity to mutagens by modifying an existing bacterial DNA repair polymerase complex involved with the mismatch-repair process.
TA98 and TA1537 are reverted from histidine dependence (auxotrophy) to histidine independence (prototrophy) by frameshift mutagens. TA100 is reverted by both frameshift and base substitution mutagens and TA1535 are reverted only by mutagens that cause base substitutions.
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Phenobarbital and Aroclor 1254 induced S9 mix
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Main assay: 25, 100, 400 and 1600 ug/plate
The top dose was chosen based on the presence of cytotoxicity as indicated by a cleared background lawn - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: not specified
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- historical average of spontaneous revertants for TA1535
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- other: 2-Aminoanthracene
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- historical average of spontaneous revertants for TA 1537
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- other: 2-aminoanthracene Strain TA1537 Phenobarbital induced S9
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- historical average of spontaneous revertants for TA 1538
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine Strain TA1538 without S9; 2 Aminoathracene Strain TA1538 Phenobarbital induced S9
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- historical average of spontaneous revertants for TA98
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine Strain TA98 without S9; 2 Aminoanthracene Strain TA98 Phenobarbital induced S9
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- historical average of spontaneous revertants for TA100
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 2-Aminoanthracene Strain TA100 Phenobarbital induced S9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
- Cell density at seeding (if applicable): 0.5 - 1.0 x 10^9 bacteria/mL
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 48 - 72 hours
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 replicate plates per dose
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: cleared background lawn - Rationale for test conditions:
- The tester strains were exposed to the test article via the plate incorporation methodology originally described by Ames et al (1975). This methodology has been shown to detect a wide range of classes of chemical mutagens.
- Evaluation criteria:
- For tester strains TA98, TA1535, and TA1537, and TA100, an individual dose was considered positive if the mean revertant colony count on the test plates was equal to or greater than two times the mean number of spontaneous revertants on the vehicle control plates. A positive result for the assay was defined as a dose-related increase in the mean number of revertant colonies over at least three concentrations of test substance, including at least one positive dose.
- Statistics:
- The mean revertant colony count and standard deviation were determined for each dose point.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- N-hexyl acrylate was not mutagenic in five strains of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria in the presence or absence of metabolic activation.
- Executive summary:
The substance was tested for its mutagenic potential based on the ability to induce back mutations in selected loci in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 100, TA 1537, TA 98, and TA1538 at concentrations ranging from 25 to 1600 µg/plate according to the methods described in Ames et al. (1975) (equivalent or similar to OECD 471). The assay was performed using the Standard plate test with and without metabolic activation (phenobarbital/aroclor 1254 induced rat liver microsomes), respectively. The test material caused visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn at at a concentration of 1600 µg/plate and was used as the top dose level in the main assay. No significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies were recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test material, either with or without metabolic activation.
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