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EC number: 265-929-8 | CAS number: 65799-47-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2003-11-18 to 2003-11-20
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted according to the appropriate OECD guideline, in accordance with GLP and analytical monitoring was carried out. However the test medium was prepared from serial dilutions of a stock solution where the parent compound and the hydrolysis product have different water solubilities.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all
- Sampling method: at 0 h and 48 h
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples were analysed shortly after - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The test material was dissolved directly in reconstituted water to make a stock solution of 100 mg/L in 2L volume. Aliquots were taken from this stock solution and dispersed in 2 L reconstituted water to make the rest of the exposure concentrations. Each prepared concentration was inverted several times to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: in-house laboratory cultures
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1st instar, <24 h
- Method of breeding: Adult Daphnia were maintained in polypropylene vessels containing approximately 2 litres of reconstituted water in a temperature controlled room at approximately 21°C. The lighting cycle was controlled to give a 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk
transition periods. Culture conditions ensured that reproduction was by parthenogenesis.
- Feeding during test: not fed
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: in-house bread in similar conditions to the test
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes
- Type and amount of food: Each culture was fed daily with a suspension of algae (Chlorella sp.). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- approx. 20°C
- pH:
- 8.0-8.1
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L.
Measured concentrations: Analysis of the test solutions at 0 hours showed measured concentrations of parent test material to range from 67% to 97% of nominal with the exception of the 1.0 mg/L test concentration which showed a measured concentration of 1% of nominal. Analysis at 48 hours showed a marked decline in measured concentrations of parent test material with concentrations ranging from- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: jars
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250 ml glass jars filled with 200 ml test medium.
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted freshwater
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: temperature was recorded throughout the test; DO and pH were recorded at the start and the end of the test.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not reported
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h darkness
- Light intensity: not reported
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility at 24 h and 48 h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1.0,10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 48 h EC50 10-100 mg/L- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 15-29
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.1 - 9.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- parent substance
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: 0%
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: the substance has been reported to hydrolyse rapidly, the hydrolysis product is also though to be unstable. Therefore the organisms were exposed to a mixture of the hydrolysis product and the parent substance. The test medium were all clear.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50 value and associated confidence limits at 48 hours were calculated by the maximum likelihood probit method (Finney 1971) using the ToxCalc computer software package (ToxCalc 1999).
Table 1. Cumulative mortality (average of 2 replicates).
Concentration (mg/L) Cumulative mortality (%) 24 h 48 h Control 0 0 1.0 0 0 1.8 0 0 3.2 0 10 5.6 0 25 10 0 40 18 0 45 32 0 60 56 0 75 100 0 85 Table 2. Analytical monitoring data
Sample Nominal concentration (mg/L) Hydrolysis product Parent test material Total Peak Area Geometric mean - hydrolysis product Geometric mean - parent measured (mg/L) % nominal measured (mg/L) % nominal measured (mg/L) % nominal (0 -24 h) (0 -24 h) 0 h Control <LOQ - <LOQ - <LOQ - <LOQ <LOQ 18 0.419 2 12.2 68 12.6 70 0.09 3.1 32 1.10 3 21.9 68 23.0 72 0.42 9.5 56 1.71 3 41.3 74 43.0 77 0.61 10.5 100 7.27 7 133 133 140 141 1.37 18.5 180 15.7 9 261 145 277 154 3.2 33.8 96 h Control <LOQ - <LOQ - <LOQ - see above see above 18 0.0188 0.1 0.762 4 0.781 4 see above see above 32 0.162 0.5 1.43 4 1.59 5 see above see above 56 0.220 0.4 2.69 5 2.91 5 see above see above 100 0.259 0.3 2.57 3 2.83 3 see above see above 180 0.658 0.4 4.39 2 5.05 3 see above see above The hydrolysis product of the substance is subject to further hydrolysis (epoxide ring opening). It is the opinion of the reviewer that this explains the difference between measured hydrolysis and expected concentration of hydrolysis product.
Given that the test material was unstable in test medium and that the hydrolysis products were indicated to be unstable it was concluded that the test organisms were exposed to a mixture of components.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 48 h EC50 nominal value of 20 mg/L, equivalent to 3.1-9.5 mg/l parent substance (measured, geometric mean) has been determined for the effects of the test substance to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna. The test substance hydrolyses rapidly while the hydrolysis product is also subject to further hydrolysis (epoxy ring opening). Therefore the organisms were exposed to a mixture of the test substance and the hydrolysis product. The results are interpreted with reference to the parent substance as the analysis of the study indicates that the hydrolysis half life is between 16 and 24 hours. Although test concentrations were analytically verified for parent substance, the key value is reported in terms of nominal concentration because the organisms were exposed to a mixture of parent substance and hydrolytical degradation products.
Reference
Description of key information
EC50 (48 h): 15.5 mg/l (expressed in terms of [3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]methylsilanediol)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 15.5 mg/L
Additional information
A reliable 48 h EC50 value of 20 mg/l (nominal), equivalent to measured concentrations of 3.1-9.5 mg/l parent substance (geometric mean), has been determined for the effects of [3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]diethoxy(methyl)silane (CAS 2897-60-1) on the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna. The test substance hydrolyses rapidly while the hydrolysis product is also susceptible to further hydrolysis (epoxy ring opening). Therefore the organisms were exposed to a mixture of the test substance and the hydrolysis products, but predominantly the hydrolysis products. The study report discusses the two hydrolysis steps and concludes that the substance had a hydrolysis half-life of approximately 3 hours under the test conditions. This is attributed by the reviewer to the reaction of alkoxy groups under elevated pH conditions of the test media (pH 8.0 - 8.1). Therefore the effects seen in the test are attributed to [3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]methylsilanediol. Because the analytical results are for parent substance, it is appropriate to interpret the results in terms of nominal concentration.
The results may be expressed in terms of concentration of the hydrolysis product, (2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyl]methylsilanediol, by applying a molecular weight correction: (MW of silanol = 192.28 / MW of parent = 248.40) * 20 mg/l = 15.5 mg/l.
[3-(2,3-Epoxypropoxy)propyl]methylsilanediol is susceptible to further hydrolysis reactions and the ultimate hydrolysis product 3-{3-[dihydroxy(methyl)silyl]propoxy}propane-1,2-diol is considered unlikely to exhibit significant ecotoxic effects based on QSAR estimated E(L)C50s >>100 mg/l (ECOSAR). The rate of reaction under environmental conditions is uncertain.
Refer to IUCLID Section 6 endpoint summary for further discussion of the approach to chemical safety assessment and justification for read across.
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