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EC number: 209-968-0 | CAS number: 599-64-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1988-10-24 to 1988-12-12
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 988
- Report date:
- 1984
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenol
- EC Number:
- 209-968-0
- EC Name:
- 4-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenol
- Cas Number:
- 599-64-4
- Molecular formula:
- C15H16O
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenol
- Reference substance name:
- 290-968-0
- IUPAC Name:
- 290-968-0
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: p-Cumylphenol
- Physical state: white crystalline powder
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Method
- Target gene:
- Histidine locus (S. typhimurium) and tryptophan locus (E. coli)
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- liver microsomal S9 from rats
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 12.5. 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: N-Methyl –N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) 2 ug/plate for TA1535 and TA100, 9-Aminoacridine (9AA) 100 ug/plate for TA1537, 4-Nitro-0-phenylenediamine (4NOPD) 10 ug/plate for TA98, 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQ0) 3.3 ug/plate for WP2uvrA-.
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 48 hours
SELECTION AGENT: Histidine (S. typhimurium) and tryptophan (E. coli)
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: thinning of the background lawn - Evaluation criteria:
- Five concentrations of the test material were assayed in triplicate against each tester strain in accordance with the standards for mutagenicity tests using microorganisms. For a substance to be considered positive in this test system, it should have induced a dose-related and statistically significant increase in mutation rate (of at least twice the spontaneous reversion rate) in one or more strains of bacteria in the presence and/or absence of the S-9 microsomal enzymes in both experiments. To be considered negative the number of induced revertants compared to spontaneous revertants should be less than twofold at each dose level employed, the intervals of which should be between 2 and 5 fold and extend to the limits imposed by toxicity or solubility or up to the maximum recommended dose of 5000 µg/plate. In this study the limiting factor was toxicity.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- at doses at and above 200 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- at doses at and above 200 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: The dose range determined in a preliminary toxicity assay was 0.32 to 200 µg/plate. p-Cumylphenol caused a reduction in the growth of the bacterial lawn at dose levels between 200 and 5000 µg/plate both with and without metabolic activation. p-Cumylphenol was therefore tested up to the toxic dose limit of 200 µg/plate.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY: A toxic effect was observed with p-cumylphenol treatment but the response varied with the strains used. Generally a weakening of the background lawn was observed with doses of p-cumylphenol at and above 200 µg/plate.
INFORMATION ON CONTROLS AND S-9: The solvent control plates gave counts of revertant colonies within the normal range. The positive control substances all produced marked increases in the number of revertant colonies and the activity of the S-9 fraction was found to be satisfactory.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- p-Cumylphenol was determined to be non-mutagenic.
- Executive summary:
The genotoxic potential of the substance was investigated in an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) conducted using methodology similar/equivalent to OECD guideline 471.
S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 and E. coli WP2 uvr A- were exposed to the test material in DMSO at concentrations of 12.5. 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/plate using the plate incorporation method both with and without S9.
Under the conditions of this study, no significant increase in the numbers of revertant colonies was recorded for any of the bacterial strains with any dose of p-cumylphenol, either with or without metabolic activation. p-Cumylphenol was determined to be non-mutagenic.
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