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EC number: 268-859-6 | CAS number: 68152-93-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Initiation: September 24, 2013 Completion May 20, 2014
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- batch equilibrium method
- Media:
- soil
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Test temperature:
- Preliminary study: 21.4 °C – 22.5 °C
Tier 2 - Adsorption Kinetics at One Concentration of the Test Substance 21.4 °C – 22.5 °C - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- At each time point the sample jars were removed from the incubator and approximately 14 mL of liquid was transferred to a 15 mL Falcon tube. The tubes were centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 10 minutes. A 10 mL sample of each supernatant was removed by pipette into a 20 mL glass vial. The remainder of the sample in the Falcon tube was added back to the incubation jar.
- Matrix no.:
- #3
- Matrix type:
- loam
- % Clay:
- 16
- % Silt:
- 42
- % Sand:
- 42
- % Org. carbon:
- 2.4
- pH:
- 7.5
- CEC:
- 17.3 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #5
- Matrix type:
- sandy loam
- % Clay:
- 14
- % Silt:
- 14
- % Sand:
- 72
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.5
- pH:
- 7.5
- CEC:
- 6.83 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #6
- Matrix type:
- clay
- % Clay:
- 60
- % Silt:
- 39
- % Sand:
- 1
- % Org. carbon:
- 3.3
- pH:
- 7.6
- CEC:
- 32.8 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #7
- Matrix type:
- other: griFood Laboratories, Guelph, Ontario indicated that soils with high organic content are not sieved, therefore there is no value for clay content nor did they render a soil texture for this soil.
- % Clay:
- 0
- % Silt:
- 0
- % Sand:
- 0
- % Org. carbon:
- 43.1
- pH:
- 6.8
- CEC:
- 99.61 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #4
- Matrix type:
- loam
- % Clay:
- 18
- % Silt:
- 31
- % Sand:
- 46
- % Org. carbon:
- 3.5
- pH:
- 7.5
- CEC:
- 16.91 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Details on matrix:
- Six soils were collected from various locations in Ontario, Canada, including two locations from a site in Hamilton, two sites in Oakville, one site in Lambton County and one site in the Holland Marsh. The soils include a range of organic carbon and clay contents. They are generally neutral to very slightly basic, reflecting the local nature of Ontario soils.
The soils were collected from the surface down to a depth no greater than 20 cm as specified. They were air dried, gently crushed as needed, and sieved to 2 mm.
Soil Type 4 is a mixture of 96-41-5 and 96-41-4 in a ratio of 5 to 95 so the Clay Content is a calculated value based on the measured values of the two soils used to make soil 87-231-1. - Details on test conditions:
- Adsorption kinetics test
A soil/solution ratio of 1:10 was used for this part of the experiment. Equilibrium was achieved in 24 hours (as determined in Tier 1). Each soil was run in duplicate. A blank soil (OECD soil type 5) and a control (test substance with no soil) were also run. Samples were collected and analysed at 2, 6, 24 and 48 hours. The percent adsorption was calculated at each time point and was plotted against time. The distribution coefficient, Kd, was calculated from data obtained.
Desorption kinetics
The soils from the adsorption kinetics experiments which generated a Kd value (Soil types 4 and 7) were used. After equilibration in the presence of test item during the adsorption phase, the aqueous phase was removed and an equal volume of fresh 0.01M CaCl2 was added. The mixture was agitated on an orbital shaker at room temperature (80 rpm) until desorption equilibrium was reached. Samples were serially collected at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours and analyzed as described above. All incubations were conducted in duplicate and the results were blank corrected. The percent desorption was determined from the concentration of test substance appearing in the aqueous phase, as described in OECD 106.
Adsorption/Desorption isotherms
Five test concentrations (4.81, 14.82, 25.93, 37.03 and 48.13 μg/ml) were used using a soil/solution of 1/10. Soil types 4 and 7 were used as they were the only soils from which a reliable Kd value was obtained in Tier 2. Sacrificial samples (parallel method) were prepared containing 2.7 g (wet weight) soil in a final volume of about 27.0 mL. Incubations were conducted in 50 mL glass centrifuge tubes. The samples were agitated at 80 rpm and the aqueous phase was sampled after 24 hours of incubation. The equilibrium concentrations were determined in solution and the amount adsorbed was calculated. - Sample No.:
- #4
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 2.21 other: cm3/g
- % Org. carbon:
- 3.5
- Sample No.:
- #4
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 63 other: cm3/g
- Temp.:
- 22 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 3.5
- Sample No.:
- #7
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 385.8 other: cm3/g
- % Org. carbon:
- 43.1
- Sample No.:
- #7
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 895.1 other: cm3/g
- Temp.:
- 22 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 43.1
- Adsorption and desorption constants:
- The results showed a wide range of Kd values ranging from no adsorption (Soil types 3, 5 and 6) to a high adsorptivity (Soil type 7). There is a very loose association between the Kd and the organic content of the soil. Soils with less than 3.5% organic content did not adsorb the test item to any significant degree.
It can be concluded from the desorption experiments that the desorption comes to equilibrium after 48 hours, with a net adsorption to soil types 4 and 7. The adsorption is therefore not reversible for these soil types.
Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm Data:
KF-ads (μg1-1/n(cm3)1/ng-1)
94.3 (soil type #4)
20.1 (soil type #7)
Freundlich Desorption Data
KF-des (μg1-1/n(cm3)1/ng-1)
161.3 (soil type #4)
no desorption was detected for soil type #7 - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- These studies demonstrated that the test item was strongly adsorbed to soils with a high organic content (for example soil type 7) and only weakly adsorbed to soils with less than 3% organic content.
The desorption kinetic study conducted with soil types 4 and 7 loaded with test item in Tier 2, showed that no material was desorbed during the subsequent incubation. This was confirmed during the desorption isotherm studies. Based on these observations and the criteria described in section 79 of OECD 106 (<75% desorption at twice the adsorption incubation time represents irreversible adsorption), we conclude that adsorption of the test item is essentially not reversible.
The behaviour of the test item when interacting with soils is consistent with its chemical structure, as it is an organic solvent (e.g. methanol and dichloromethane) soluble material with surface active groups (fatty acids). The solubility characteristics in the presence of calcium chloride, required in OECD 106, is also entirely consistent with the relative insolubility of the calcium salts of fatty acids. - Executive summary:
The adsorption/desorption study was conducted on test item EnvaMul 600 according to test method OECD 106.
A preliminary test, an adsorption kinetic test, a desorption kinetic test and the determination of Freundlich absorption and desorption isotherms were conducted.
These studies demonstrated that the test item was strongly adsorbed to soils with a high organic content (for example soil type 7) and only weakly adsorbed to soils with less than 3% organic content.
The desorption kinetic study conducted with soil types 4 and 7 loaded with test item in Tier 2, showed that no material was desorbed during the subsequent incubation. This was confirmed during the desorption isotherm studies. Based on these observations and the criteria described in section 79 of OECD 106 (<75% desorption at twice the adsorption incubation time represents irreversible adsorption), we conclude that adsorption of the test item is essentially not reversible.
The behaviour of the test item when interacting with soils is consistent with its chemical structure, as it is an organic solvent (e.g. methanol and dichloromethane) soluble material with surface active groups (fatty acids). The solubility characteristics in the presence of calcium chloride, required in OECD 106, is also entirely consistent with the relative insolubility of the calcium salts of fatty acids.
Reference
Description of key information
Koc soil # 4 (loam): 63.0 cm3/g (Temperature between 21.4 °C - 22.5 °C)
Koc soil # 7 (loamy sand): 895.1 cm3/g (temperature between 21.4 °C - 22.5 °C)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Koc at 20 °C:
- 895.1
Additional information
These studies demonstrated that the test item was strongly adsorbed to soils with a high organic content (for example soil type 7) and only weakly adsorbed to soils with less than 3% organic content.
The desorption kinetic study conducted with soil types 4 and 7 loaded with test item in Tier 2, showed that no material was desorbed during the subsequent incubation. This was confirmed during the desorption isotherm studies.
Based on these observations and the criteria described in section 79 of OECD 106 (<75% desorption at twice the adsorption incubation time represents irreversible adsorption), we conclude that adsorption of the test item is essentially not reversible.
The behavior of the test item when interacting with soils is consistent with its chemical structure, as it is an organic solvent (e.g. methanol and dichloromethane) soluble material with surface active groups (fatty acids). The solubility characteristics in the presence of calcium chloride, required in OECD 106, is also entirely consistent with the relative insolubility of the calcium salts of fatty acids.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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