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EC number: 208-686-5 | CAS number: 538-23-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 May - 13 May 1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- EG guideline 84/449/EWG
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 21 daphnids used in the test instead of 20 in two test concentrations
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The poorly soluble test substance was added to synthetic freshwater at 1 g/L and stirred for 18 hours. Afterwards the solution was filtrated. This solution was used as stock solution. The DOC content was determined to be 2.95 mg/L, equivalent to a test substance content of 4.38 mg/L. From this stock solution a series of test concentrations were prepared (see "Nominal and measured concentrations" field) - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain: Straus, clone 5
- Source: own breeding
- Age at study initiation: < 24 hours
- Method of breeding: parthogenetic reproduction
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION/CULTURE
- Culture conditions: M4 medium according to Elendt, 1 L beakers
- Type and amount of food: Scenedesmus subspicatus
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation: healthy, darkbrown colour - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1°C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.5 - 7.6 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.53, 0.70, 1.01, 1.40, 2.01, 2.80 and 3.94 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: beaker
- Fill volume: 10 mL
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration: 4
- No. of vessels per control: 4
- Biomass loading rate: 2 mL per test organism
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic freshwater (CaCl2xH2O: 294 mg/L; MgSO4x7H2O: 123 mg/L; NaHCO3: 63 mg/L; KCl: 5.5 mg/L)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Immobilisation was recorded after 24 and 48 hours test duration.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: < 2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3.94 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Immobility of control: none
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No, as stock solution was filtered and accordingly the highest tested concentration was the highest water soluble concentration of the test substance. - Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 8 Nov-10 November 1995
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-Guideline study with acceptable restrictions (precipitation occurred in those test vessels where the substance was directly added, probably creating the observed effects by physical interference)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- . Additionally consideration of the "VCI-Konzept-Entwurfes für die (akute) aquatische Prüfung von schwerlöslichen Stoffen vom 31.1. 1994"
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Both test runs (a) directly weighed in and b) separated from undissolved test substance and)
- Sampling method: samples were taken at 0 and 48 hours - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Due to the low solubility of the test substance, two different test solutions were prepared according to the VCI-concept for poorly soluble substances.
a) 100 mg/L directly weighed in solution: The test substance was directly weighed into the vessel and ultrasonicated for 5 min.
b) Test solution with 100 mg/L and subsequently separation of undissolved test substance: 100 mg test substance were added to 1 L M4 medium and stirred for 24h. Afterwards the undissolved test substance was separated by filtration with a fibre glass filter (pretreated with 1 molar NaOH) - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: STRAUS
- Source: BGA Berlin (May 1994) afterwards own breeding
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 6 - 24h
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION
- Type and amount of food: Scenedesmus subspicatus - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 21.8°C
- pH:
- 7.8 - 7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 94% oxygen saturation
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
Measured concentrations:
Test solution a) directly weighed in without separation: 0h = 79.33 mg/L; 48h = 26.76 mg/L
Test solution b) separation of undissolved matter: 0h = 2.33 mg/L; 48 h = 0.08 mg/L The recovery of the test substance at the beginning and after 48 hours was higher than the water solubility of the test substance determined with the column elution method, what means that the separation was not complete. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL glass beaker, covered with a glass disc and filled with 50 mL
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: 5 mL per daphnia
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Test medium: M4-medium according to guideline
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Immobilisation
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: Limit test - only 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: solution a) test substance directly weighed in without separation of undissolved matter
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.01 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: solution b) separation of undissolved matter: No effect up to the limit of the water solubility of test substance (< 0.01 mg/L).
- Details on results:
- - Immobility of control: none
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: Yes, for solution a) a turbidity of the test suspension was observed.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: yes, for solution a) without separation of undissolved test substance - Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 22 Aug - 24 Aug 2012
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Guidance Document No. 23 on Aquatic Toxicity of Difficult Substances and Mixtures, OECD 2000
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- LUBW Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Analysis was performed in additional test vessels without Daphnia to avoid disturbance of the measurement by the organisms itself or excrements. At the start (0 h) and at the end (48 h) of the experimental phase samples (4 mL) were taken and filtered for DOC analysis with a 0.45 µm CA membrane filter (Whatman FP 30/0.45 (im). First the filter was washed with 100 mL bi-distilled water and with about 15 mL sample. For TOC the samples were measured without filtration.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Due to the sparingly soluble properties of the test item, the study was performed with WAFs ("water accommodated fraction") prepared with Daphnia medium similar to M4 described in OECD 202. The test item was weighted on a piece of polyethylene foil (rinsed with ethanol and H2O bidest. before) which was transferred together with the test item into a defined volume of Daphnia medium into a 1000 mL beaker. The suspension was stirred for 48 hours at 21 - 22 °C in the dark. For stirring a magnetic stirrer with a 2 cm stir bar was used. After stirring was stopped, the suspension was allowed to float and sediment for a period of 1 hour. After stopping the stirring the WAFs with higher loading rates were slightly turbid. After one hour sedimentation and flotation period no particles could be observed in suspension which could affect the organisms physically. The test solution was taken from the middle of the suspension in the beaker using a glass tube and transferred into the test vessels. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Source: German Federal Environmental Agency, Marienfelde, Department IV 2.4; current breeding is held at Hydrotox GmbH since February 2007
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 30 min - 21 h 30 min (gathered by separating the adults from the young animals twice within a period of 21 h 40 min)
- Method of breeding: Twice a week the animals are placed into fresh Elendt-Medium M4 (according to OECD 202). They are kept at approximately 10 animals / 200 mL. Daily, they are fed with a suspension of the algae Desmodesmus subspicatus in order to keep the C-content in the incubation beakers at 0.1 mg C per Daphnia and day. The C-content oft the algal suspension is measured photometrically taking a correlation between measured TOC and photometrical chlorophyll determination as basis. The Daphnia are held at 20 ± 2 °C with a light / dark cycle of 16 / 8 h.
- Feeding during test: none - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20.9 - 21.6 °C
- pH:
- 7.69 - 8.01
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.9 - 9.2 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: control, 5.8, 12.8, 28.2, 62.0, 136.4, and 300 mg/L (WAF, nominal)
Mean measured concentrations were 3.0, 15.6, 29.8 and 140.7 mg/L at nominal loading rates of 5.8, 28.2, 62 and 300 mg/L, respectively. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 50 mL glass beakers filled with 20 mL test solution
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per chemical analysis: 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium different from test medium: no; similar to M4-medium accordig to OECD 202
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): After 24h and 48h, the swimming capability of Daphnia magna was determined.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 218.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 102.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 136.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL100
- Effect conc.:
- 300 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - 100% immobilization was reported at the highest nominal loading rate of 300 mg/L, whereas no immobilization was observed at any other test concentration.
- A correlation between measured loading rates and nominal loading rates for the 62 mg/L and 300 mg/L treatment groups was made. The parameters of the curve allow calculating the measured EC50 concentration. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC50 (<24h) = 2.88 mg/L (95% CL: 2.55 - 3.97 mg/L).
EC50 (<48h) = 1.58 mg/L (95% CL: 1.42 - 1.73 mg/L). - Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Remarks:
- Summary of available data used for the endpoint assessment of the target substance
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to the analogue justification provided in IUCLID section 13
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3.94 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 620-67-7, Sasol, 1993, Daphnia magna
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 218.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: test material / WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 85536-07-8, Cremer, 2012, Daphnia magna
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 102.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 85536-07-8, Cremer, 2012, Daphnia magna
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 136.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: test material / WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 85536-07-8, Cremer, 2012, Daphnia magna
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 65381-09-1, BASF, 1995, Daphnia magna; test substance directly weighed in without separation of undissolved matter
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.01 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Source: CAS 65381-09-1, BASF, 1995, Daphnia magna; separation of undissolved matter
Referenceopen allclose all
No effect up to the limit of the water solubility of the test substance was observed.
Table 1: Cumulative numbers of immobilised individuals during the test, absolute and % readings
Concentration [mg/L] |
24 h |
48 h |
||||
mobile |
immobile |
immobile % |
mobile |
immobile |
immobile % |
|
Control |
20 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0.53 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
19 |
1 |
5 |
0.70* |
21 |
0 |
0 |
21 |
0 |
0 |
1.01 |
19 |
1 |
5 |
19 |
1 |
5 |
1.40 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
2.01* |
21 |
0 |
0 |
21 |
0 |
0 |
2.80 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
3.94 |
19 |
1 |
5 |
19 |
1 |
5 |
* 21 daphnids used in test
No effect was observed up to the limit of the water solubility of the test substance under conditions tested. For the test solution a) without the separation of the undissolved test substance, an immobilisation of 20 to 30% (mean 25%) was observed.
Table 1: Immobilisation (%) of daphnids in solution a) (without separation of undissolved test substance)
Concentration (mg/L) |
Incubation time (h) |
|
24 |
48 |
|
0/1 |
0 |
0 |
0/2 |
0 |
0 |
100/1 |
0* |
20* |
100/2 |
10* |
30* |
*Daphnia swimming on the surface, caught in oil drops. A turbidity of the test suspension was observed.
Table 2: Immobilisation (%) of daphnids in solution b) (with separation of undissolved test substance)
Concentration (mg/L) |
Incubation time (h) |
|
24 |
48 |
|
0/1 |
0 |
0 |
0/2 |
0 |
0 |
100/1 |
0 |
0 |
100/2 |
0 |
0 |
Results of the accompanying analysis:
The analytical results show that only 40.2 - 61.7% of the nominal TOC concentration was found in the test solutions. That means that the test item is not completely dispersible. During the 48 hours test course almost no decrease of TOC/DOC concentration was measured. Only marginal differences between 0 h and 48 h measurements occurred. In addition, only slightly higher TOC concentrations were measured compared to the DOC concentrations. TOC content of the test item was determined with 64.3%. From this the recovery rates and the measured test item concentration in the test solution were calculated.
Table: Results from the TOC/DOC analysis of the test item concentration
|
A |
C |
D |
E |
Nominal loading rate [mg/L] |
300 |
62 |
28.2 |
5.8 |
DOC measured 0h [mg/L] |
85.2 |
16.6 |
7.9 |
1.7 |
DOC measured 48h [mg/L] |
85.2 |
15.1 |
9.3 |
2.2 |
TOC measured 0h [mg/L] |
89.4 |
16.1 |
10.8 |
2.3 |
TOC measured 48h [mg/L] |
91.6 |
22.2 |
9.2 |
1.5 |
TOC expected [64.3% mg/L] |
192.9 |
39.9 |
18.1 |
3.7 |
Recovery 0h [%] |
46.3 |
40.4 |
59.6 |
61.7 |
Recovery 48h [%] |
47.5 |
55.7 |
50.7 |
40.2 |
Measured loading rate 0h [mg/L] |
139.0 |
25.0 |
16.8 |
3.6 |
Measured loading rate 48h [mg/L] |
142.5 |
34.5 |
14.3 |
2.3 |
Measured loading rate 0-48h [mg/L] |
140.7 |
29.8 |
15.6 |
3.0 |
Table: Results of the Daphnia test
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
Control |
Loading Rate [mg/L] |
300 |
136.4 |
62.0 |
28.2 |
12.8 |
5.8 |
0 |
Immobile Daphnia 24h |
30% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
Immobile Daphnia 48h |
100% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
Table: Results of the Daphnia test in detail (0 h - 48 h)
Concentration test item [mg/L] |
Volume test solution [mL] |
[h] |
Number of immobile Daphnia / number Daphnia introduced |
Immobile Daphnia total |
Introduced Daphnia total |
Daphnia immobile [%] |
|||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
||||||
300 |
20 |
24 |
1/5 |
1/5 |
2/5 |
2/5 |
6 |
20 |
30 |
48 |
5/5 |
5/5 |
5/5 |
5/5 |
20 |
20 |
100 |
||
136.4 |
20 |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
||
62.0 |
20 |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
||
28.2 |
20 |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
||
12.8 |
20 |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
||
5.8 |
20 |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
||
Control |
24 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
|
48 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0/5 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Since no studies investigating the short-term toxicity of Glycerol trioctanoate (CAS 538-23-8) to aquatic invertebrates are available, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5, a read-across to the structurally related source substances Glycerol triheptanoate (CAS 620-67-7), Glycerides, C8-10 mono and di (CAS 85536-07-8), and Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate (CAS 65381-09-1) was conducted. The source substances are representative to evaluate the short-term toxicity of the target substance to aquatic invertebrates. This read-across is justified in detail within the analogue justification in IUCLID section 13.
The target substance Glycerol trioctanoate (CAS 538-23-8) is a monoconstituent characterized by the alcohol component glycerol which is fully esterified with octanoic acid to give glycerol triesters of octanoic acid.
The source substance Glycerol triheptanoate (CAS 620-67-7) is a monoconstituent characterized by the alcohol component glycerol which is esterified to give triesters of C7 fatty acids.
The source substance Glycerides, C8-10 mono and di (CAS 85536-07-8) is a UVCB substance characterized by the alcohol component glycerol and C8-10 (even numbered) fatty acids. Esterification of glycerol gives mainly mono- and diesters of C8-10 (even numbered) fatty acids.
The source substance Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate (CAS 65381-09-1) is a UVCB substance characterized by the alcohol component glycerol. Complete esterification with octanoic and decanoic fatty acids gives glycerol triesters of octanoic decanoic acid.
The study with read-across substance Glycerol triheptanoate (CAS 620-67-7) was performed in a static design and under GLP according to EU Method C.2 (Acute toxicity for Daphnia). The freshwater flea Daphnia magna was used as test organism. The daphnia were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0.53, 0.70, 1.01, 1.40, 2.01, 2.80 and 3.94 mg/L over a period of 48 hours. The highest tested concentration was the highest water soluble concentration of the test substance. No effect (immobility) was observed up to the limit of water solubility. The EC50 (48h) was determined as > 3.94 mg/L.
The study with read-across substance Glycerides, C8-10 mono and di (CAS 85536-07-8) was performed in a static design under GLP according to OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test). The freshwater flea Daphnia magna was used as test organism. The daphnia were exposed to nominal concentrations (WAF) of 5.8, 12.8, 28.2, 62.0, 136.4, and 300 mg/L over a period of 48 hours. 100% immobilization was reported at the highest nominal loading rate of 300 mg/L, whereas no immobilization was observed at any other test concentration. The EC50 (48 h) was determined as 102.6 mg/L (mean measured concentration).
The study with read-across substance Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate (CAS 65381-09-1) was performed as a limit test in a static design and under GLP according to EU Method C.2 (Acute toxicity for Daphnia). The freshwater flea Daphnia magna was used as test organism. The daphnia were exposed to a single nominal concentration of 100 mg/L over a period of 48 hours. No effect (immobility) was observed up to the limit of water solubility. The EC50 (48 h) was determined as > 0.01 mg/L (measured initial concentration).
Based on the available results from structurally related read-across substances (in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5) which are characterized by a similar ecotoxicological profile and comparable structure, it can be concluded that Glycerol trioctanoate (CAS 538-23-8) shows no acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility (< 0.532 µg/L at 20 °C).
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