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EC number: 286-924-7 | CAS number: 85392-65-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Control and all test concentrations
- Sampling method: At test start samples were taken from the test solution preparation just before distributing it to the test replicates per treatment. At test end, samples of two representative replicates per treatment level were taken directly from the test vessels.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: The samples were filtered through a 0.2 μm polyether sulphone membrane syringe filter at room temperature (20 – 25 °C) after collection and acidified with HNO3 (final concentration 10 %). Samples were stored at about 4°C until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The highest test concentration was prepared by adding the required amount of the test item to 1 L sterile growth medium under sterile conditions to obtain a nominal concentration of 12 mg/L. The solution was stirred vigorously using a magnetic stirring bar for about 1.5 h at room temperature (approximately 20 °C). An aliquot of the clear test solution was then diluted with sterile growth medium to obtain the other five test concentrations.
- Controls: Test medium only - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: No. 61.81 SAG
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAG, Culture Collection of Algae at Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut of the University at Göttingen, Albrecht von Haller Institut, Untere Klarspüle 2, D-37073 Göttingen.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days old - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21.3 - 22.0 °C
- pH:
- Test start: 7.35 - 8.23
Test end: 7.99 - 8.19 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test item concentrations: 0.038, 0,120, 0.380, 1.20, 3.80 and 12.0 mg test item/L
Mean measured (geometric mean) test item concentrations: 0.023, 0.080, 0.292, 0.962, 2.95 and 10.3 mg test item/L
At test start the measured ruthenium concentrations were 9.53, 30.2, 99.4, 325, 1037 and 3351 μg./L (82.9 – 92.3 % of nominal). After 72 h the concentrations were 5.09, 19.3, 78.6, 261, 768 and 2907 μg/L (44.3 – 80.1 % of nominal, 53.4 - 86.8 % of the initial values).
The test evaluation was based on the geometric mean concentrations of the test item, since the deviation from the measured initial concentration was greater than ± 20 % - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL conical glass flasks covered with air-permeable silicone-sponge caps
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL
- Initial cells density: 10 000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 8
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Purified water processed using "PURELAB Option S7 with Classic UHF”
- Culture medium different from test medium: No.
The sterilised synthetic OECD medium according to OECD 201 was used as growth medium.
In this medium, the molar ratio of iron to EDTA slightly exceeds unity with iron in excess (molar ratio Fe(III+) / EDTA = 1.14). Considering the molar ratio of Fe and EDTA and the high stability constant of EDTA with Fe(III+) ions (log Ks 25), the chelation of ruthenium remains negligible in comparison with nominal ruthenium test concentrations and therefore the EDTA containing OECD medium can be used without limitations.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature was measured daily and pH was measured at the start and end of the test
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: Continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: 91.31 μmol m-2 s-1 to 101.8 μmol m-2 s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Cell counts were determined after 24, 48 and 72 h
- Chlorophyll measurement: Yes, using a microplate reader on the second and third day of the test
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.16
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg test item/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.38 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.365 and 0.396 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.052 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.049 and 0.056 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.019 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.017 and 0.020 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.023 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.057 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.053 and 0.061 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- 0.025 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.022 and 0.028 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.016 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.013 and 0.019 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.023 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Details on results:
- - Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): Yes
- Colour differences: Slightly blueish colour at the two highest test concentrations (2.95 and 10.3 mg/L) at the start of the test.
- Other: The amount of intact cells decreased and the cell debris increased with increasing concentrations at the end of the test for all test concentrations at 0.080 mg/L and higher. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50: 2.62 mg/L (95 % confidence limits: 2.52 - 2.72 mg/L)
- Other: Results of an international ring test gave an ErC50 of 3.38 ± 1.30 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The mean value of the cell counts for each concentration plot was used for plotting growth curves. Growth responses were used for the regression analysis. Probit-analysis was used to determine the EC50, EC20 and EC10 values and their respective 95 % confidence intervals. NOEC values were determined using ANOVA followed by Multiple Sequentially-rejective Welsh-t-test after Bonferroni-Holm. All statistical evaluations were performed with ToxRat software.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The validity criteria for the control culture increase in cell numbers within the 72 hour test period, mean % CV in the section-by-section growth rate during the test period and the % CV of average specific growth rate at test end were met.
- Conclusions:
- The ErC50 and ErC10 values for inhibition of growth rate were 0.380 and 0.019 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L, respectively. The EyC50 and EyC10 values for inhibition of yield were 0.057 and 0.016 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L, respectively. The NOEC for both, growth rate and yield was 0.023 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L.
- Executive summary:
The 72-hour toxicity of tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate to the unicellular green Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined in a static system following OECD guideline 201 (Wenzel 2016). Test solutions were analysed using ICP-OES and results reported based on mean measured concentrations, as measured concentrations deviated from nominal by more than 20%. Four replicate cultures were exposed to geometric mean concentrations of 0.023, 0.080, 0.292, 0.962, 2.95 and 10.3 mg test item/L. Eight control replicates were included.
There was a concentration-related growth inhibition and the ErC50 and ErC10 values for inhibition of growth rate were 0.380 and 0.019 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L, respectively. The EyC50 and EyC10 values for inhibition of yield were 0.057 and 0.016 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L, respectively. The NOEC for both, growth rate and yield was 0.023 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate/L.
Reference
Description of key information
The ErC50 and ErC10 values for inhibition of growth rate were 0.380 and 0.019 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1, respectively. The EyC50 and EyC10 values for inhibition of yield were 0.057 and 0.016 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1, respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 0.023 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The 72-hour toxicity of tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate to the unicellular green Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined in a static system following OECD guideline 201 (Wenzel 2016). Test solutions were analysed using ICP-OES and results reported based on mean measured concentrations, as measured concentrations deviated from nominal by more than 20%. Four replicate cultures were exposed to geometric mean concentrations of 0.023, 0.080, 0.292, 0.962, 2.95 and 10.3 mg test item L-1. Eight control replicates were included.
There was a concentration-related growth inhibition and the ErC50 and ErC10 values for inhibition of growth rate were 0.380 and 0.019 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1, respectively. The EyC50 and EyC10 values for inhibition of yield were 0.057 and 0.016 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1, respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 0.023 mg tetraammonium-decachloro-μ-oxodiruthenate L-1.
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