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EC number: 242-854-9 | CAS number: 19168-23-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 30 August 1989 – 6 September 1989
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study conducted according to a company standard protocol designed to comply with the recommendations of OECD guideline No. 404
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reference substance 001
- Cas Number:
- 19168-23-1
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): ammonium hexachloropalladate (IV)
- Substance type: red-coloured powder
- Physical state: solid
- Lot/batch No.: 042011
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: David Percival Ltd, Moston, Sandbach, Cheshire, UK
- Age at study initiation: approx. 12-16 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.68-2.96 kg
- Housing: individually in suspended metal cages
- Diet: ad libitum Rabbit Diet supplied by Preston Farmers Limited, New Leake, Boston, Lincolnshire, UK
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: minimum of 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 16-20
- Humidity (%): 60-70
- Air changes (per hr): approx. 15/hr
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours light and 12 hours dark
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: test site clipped free of fur, described as “shorn skin”
- Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):0.5 g moistened with 0.5 ml distilled water
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 ml
- Purity: distilled - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hrs
- Observation period:
- Approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after removal of the patch
- Number of animals:
- One female and two males
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 2.5 cm2
- Type of wrap if used: A gauze patch secured with a strip of surgical adhesive tape (BLENDERM, approx 2.5 x 4.0 cm) and an elasticated corset (TUBIGRIP) wrapped around the trunk.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): residual test material removed by gentle swabbing with cotton wool soaked in diethyl ether
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hrs
SCORING SYSTEM: The test sites were examined for evidence of primary irritation approximately 1 hr following removal of the patch and 24, 48 and 72 hrs later and scored according to the method of Draize (1959). An additional observation was made on day 7. The scores for erythema (and eschar) formation and oedema formation at the 24 and 72 hr observation times were totalled for the three rabbits (12 values) and divided by 6 to give the primary irritation index. This was then used to classify the skin irritation properties of the test material according to:
Primary Irritation Index Classification
0 Non-irritant
>0 – 2 Mild irritant
>2 – 5 Moderate irritant
>5 – 8 Severe irritant
The results were also interpreted according to EEC Directive 83/467/EEC adapting Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the regulations relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- primary dermal irritation index (PDII)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24 and 72 hrs after removal of the patch
- Score:
- 3.5
- Max. score:
- 8
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: Well-defined erythema with very slight or slight oedema was noted at all treated skin sites one hour after patch removal and at subsequent 24, 48 and 72-hr observations
- Other effects:
- Depilated glossy skin was noted at all treated skin sites and at all observations times and persisted to the 7 day observation time. Reduced re-growth of fur and desquamation were also noted at the 7 day observation period.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritant)
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- In a GLP skin irritation study in rabbits, equivalent to guideline (OECD TG 404), undiluted diammonium hexachloropalladate produced moderate skin irritation.
- Executive summary:
In a GLP skin irritation study in rabbits, equivalent to guideline (OECD TG 404), neat diammonium hexachloropalladate (0.5 g) was applied (semi-occluded) to the clipped, intact skin of three rabbits. After 4 hrs, the patches were removed and, approximately 1 hr later, the skin sites assessed for erythema (and eschar) formation and oedema formation. These sites were again assessed 24, 48 and 72 hrs, and 7 days later.
The sums of the 24- and 72-hr values were combined and divided by six to give a primary irritation score of 3.5 (of 8). Ammonium hexachloropalladate (IV) was therefore considered as a moderate skin irritant in this test system. No corrosive effects were noted. Although the skin irritation was reversible within the 7-day observation period, depilated glossy skin persisted for the 7 days, and desquamation and reduced re-growth of fur was also noted at 7 days. As such, it would be precautionary to classify as a skin irritant (Category 2), according to CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008).
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