Palladium monoxide

Particle size distribution (Granulometry)

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

particle size distribution (granulometry)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP complaint, guideline study, available as unpublished report acceptable without restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 110 (Particle Size Distribution / Fibre Length and Diameter Distributions)

Version / remarks:

Screening Test

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The method used is based on a procedure designed to comply with that given in 'Particle size distribution, fibre length and diameter distribution', June 1996 European Commission technical guidance document, which satisfies the requirements of OECD Guideline 110

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of method:

sieving

No.:

#1

Size:

< 100 µm

Distribution:

99.1 %

The results of the sieving procedure are shown below:

Measurement	Result
Mass of test item transferred to sieve	10.03g
Mass of test item passed through sieve	9.94g
Proportion of test item <100µm	99.1%

Conclusions:

In an OECD 110 Granulometry (Screening Test) the proportion of Palladium monoxide( anhydrous solid) <100 μm was 99.1 %

Executive summary:

This is a GLP compliant, guideline study considered suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The proportion of Palladium monoxide (anhydrous solid) < 100 μm is 99.1 %

Description of key information

Particle size distribution was determined for palladium monoxide (anhydrous). For palladium monoxide, 50% of particles were < 36.08 µm.

Additional information

The particle size distribution of palladium monoxide was measured using Microtrac X-100 as part of a transformation / dissolution study (Skeaff and Beaudoin 2011). The results are considered to be suitable for use for this endpoint. The particle size distribution of palladium monoxide powder was determined and showed 50% of particles <36.08 µm.

Specific surface area was determined using a Micromeretics Flowsorb II BET gas adsorption desorption technique. Specific surface area for palladium monoxide powder was determined to be 0.278 m²/g (calculated from particle size) and 0.31 m²/g (measured by BET).

A screening assessment of particle size was conducted for a sample of anhydrous palladium monoxide in a GLP compliant, guideline study (Tremain and Atwal 2011). The proportion of Palladium monoxide (anhydrous solid) < 100 μm is 99.1 %.

The dustiness of palladium monoxide anhydrous was tested in a modified Heubach procedure according to the guideline DIN 55992-1:2006 (Selck and Parr 2012). The study is non-GLP, but follows a standard guideline and is considered to be reliable. The total dustiness of palladium monoxide anhydrous was determined to be 566.83 mg/g. The inhalable fraction was 335.63 mg/g, the thoracic fraction was 44.27 mg/g and the respirable fraction was 6.30 mg/g. The Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) was determined to be 29.8 μm with a geometric standard deviation of 1.9 μm.