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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015-02-19 to 2015-03-20
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Test item: Disperse Yellow DYLA 1306
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure):
Municipal sewage treatment plant, D-31137 Hildesheim, Germany
- Pretreatment/Concentration of sludge:
The activated sludge was washed twice with chlorine free tap water. After the second washing the settled sludge was resuspended in mineral salts medium and was maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration for 2 hours. Thereafter the sludge was homogenized with a blender. After sedimentation the supernatant was decanted and maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration with CO2 free air until test start. 10 mL/L of this mixture were used to initiate inoculation.
Colony forming units in the test vessel: approx. 10^7 - 10^8 CFU/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 18 other: mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral salts medium acc. to OECD 301 B / CO2 Evolution Test
- Test temperature: Nominal 22 +/- 2°C (actually measured: 21 - 24 °C)
- Dispersion treatment: Continuous stirring
- Aeration: 30 - 100 mL/min
- Photoperiod: Low light conditions (brown glass bottles)
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5000 mL brown glass flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 1 for the reference item, 1 for toxicity control (test and reference item), 2 for the control, 2 for the test item
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Aeration with 30 - 100 mL/min
- Measuring equipment: Visual check of aeration twice per day
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used:
CO2 adsorption vessels were connected to the air outlets of the incubation vessels via a series of 3 gas wash bottles, each containing 100 mL of
a 0.0125 mol/L Ba(OH)2 solution.
- Course of the study:
The following incubation vessels were prepared:
- two for the test item concentration (P1, P2)
- one for the functional control (R1)
- two for the inoculum control (C1, C2)
- one for the toxicity control (T1)
The necessary amounts of ultrapure water, mineral salts medium and inoculum were placed in each incubation vessel. The vessels were aerated for 24 h with CO2 free air. After 24 h the CO2 adsorption vessels were connected to the air outlets of the incubation vessels via a series of 3 gas wash bottles, each containing 100 mL of a 0.0125 mol/L Ba(OH)2 solution. Test and reference item were weighed out. The test item was weighed out into small beakers and a defined amount of ultrapure water was added and treated with ultrasound. The test item dispersions and the reference item were transferred to the respective incubation vessels. The vessels were made up to 3 L with ultrapure water and connected to the system for the production of CO2 free air. On day 28, 1 mL 37 % HCl was added to each of the vessels. Aeration was continued for further 24 h and the quantity of CO2 released was determined.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency:
Backtitration of the residual Ba(OH)2 with 0.05 N HCL was carried out three times a week during the first ten days and thereafter twice weekly.
- Sampling method:
For each titration the first gas wash bottle was removed and a new bottle was connected to the last one.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Test medium without test and/or reference item
- Abiotic sterile control: No
- Toxicity control: Test item and reference item in test concentration
STATISTICAL METHODS:
- The theoretical production of carbon dioxide (ThCO2) of the test item and functional control was calculated by the carbon content (1) and the
molecular formula (2), respectively.
ThCO2 [mgCO2/mg] = 3.67 * TOC [mgC/mg test item] (1)
ThCO2 [mgCO2/mg] = (C-Atoms *molecular weight of CO2)/molecular weight of referenz item) (2)
- The produced CO2 was calculated by: 1 mL HCl (c = 0.05 mol/L) = 1.1 mg CO2
- The net amount of CO2 produced was calculated by correcting the results of the test item and functional control for endogenous CO2 production
of the inoculum controls.
- The biodegradation was calculated from the ratio theoretical CO2 production to net CO2 production:
Degradation [%] = (net CO2 * 100)/(THCO2 [mg CO2/3L])
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 16
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Based on the carbon content a ThCO2 of 2.17 mg CO2/mg test item was calculated. A test concentration of 18 mg/L, corresponding to a carbon content of 10.6 mg C/L in the test vessels was selected.
Colony forming units (CFU) of the inoculum for the Modified Sturm Test were determined prior
to test start by standard dilution plate count: approx. 1.40 109 CFU/L, corresponding to
approx. 1.40 107 CFU/L in the test vessel.
In the toxicity control containing both test and reference item a biodegradation of 49 % was determined within 14 days and it came to 55 % after 28 days. The biodegradation of the reference item was not inhibited by the test item in the toxicity control.
The biodegradation of the test item is shown graphically in comparison to the readily degradable functional control and the toxicity control. The 10 % level (beginning of biodegradation) was reached by the 1st test item replicate on day 18; the 2nd test item replicate did not reach the 10 % level until test end. Both test item replicates did not reach the 60 % pass level until test end. The mean biodegradation on day 28 was 16 %.
Under the test conditions the test item is classified as not readily biodegradable within the 28-day period of the study.
In the inoculum control the total CO2 production was 26.3 mg CO2/L after 28 days.
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- The adaptation phase of the functional control changed after 2 days into the degradation phase (degradation 10 %). The course of the degradation was rapid and the functional control reached the pass level of 60 % after 6 days and a biodegradation of 87 % after 28 days. The validity criterion degradation 60 % after 14 days is fulfilled.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Remarks:
- Beginning of biodegradation (10%) was reached by the mean of replicates, but the 60 % pass level was not reached.
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions the test item is classified as not readily biodegradable within the 28-day period of the study.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test item Disperse Yellow DYLA 1306 (batch no.: EAG-146 -1.0.0) was determined with a non-adapted activated sludge over a test period of 28 days in the Modified Sturm Test. The study was conducted from 2015-02-19 to 2015-03-20 according to OECD 301 B at Dr.U.Noack-Laboratorien.The test item was tested at a concentration of 18 mg/L with 2 replicates corresponding to a carbon content (TOC) of 10.6 mg C/L in the test vessels.The test vessels were incubated at low light conditions and at a temperature of 21 – 24 °C.
The biodegradation of the test item was followed by titrimetric analysis of the quantity of CO2 produced by the respiration of bacteria. The degradation was stopped on day 28 by acidification of the test solutions. The last titration was made on day 29 after residual CO2 had been purged from the test solutions over a period of 24 hours. The percentage CO2 production was calculated in relation to the theoretical CO2 production (ThCO2) of the test item. The biodegradation was calculated for each titration time.
To check the activity of the test system sodium benzoate was used as functional control. The percentage degradation of the functional control reached the pass level of 60 % within 6 days and a biodegradation of 87 % after 28 days.
In the toxicity control containing both test and reference item a biodegradation of 49 % was determined within 14 days and it came to 55 % after 28 days. The biodegradation of the reference item was not inhibited by the test item in the toxicity control.
The biodegradation of the test item is shown in the table below in comparison to the readily degradable functional control and the toxicity control. The 10 % level (beginning of biodegradation) was reached by the 1st test item replicate on day 18; the 2nd test item replicate did not reach the 10 % level until test end. Both test item replicates did not reach the 60 % pass level until test end. The mean biodegradation on day 28 was 16 %.
The test item is classified as not readily biodegradable within the 28 day period of the study.
Biodegradation of the Test Item Disperse Yellow DYLA 1306 in Comparison to the Functional Control and Toxicity Control
Biodegradation [%]
Study Day [d]
6
14
21
28
Test Item, 1st Replicate
3
9
15
24
Test Item, 2nd Replicate
2
4
6
8
Functional Control
64
82
85
87
Toxicity Control
test item + reference item37
49
51
55
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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