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EC number: 700-956-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2014
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study performed under GLP. All relevant validity criteria were met.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- inspected: June 2012; signature: September 2012
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: WWTP culture: aerobic activated sludge from ARA Ergolz II, Fullinsdorf, Switzerland waste water treatment plant
- Method of cultivation:
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Aerobic activated sludge, washed twice and supernatant liquid phase decanted. Homogenised final sludge solution weighed for wet and dry weight determination.
- Pretreatment: For holding period of three days prior to use, sludge fed daily with 50mL synthetic waste water per litre, at room temperature and under aeration. Dry weight was determined again prior to use with pH adjustment from 8.1 to 7.4 was completed with dilute sulfuric acid.
- Other: Synthetic waste water (50mL per day) had following composition; 16g peptone, 11g meat extract, 3g urea, 0.7g NaCl, 0.4g CaCl2.2H2O, 0.2g MgSO4.7H2O, 2.8g K2HPO4 within 1L deionised water.
- Initial biomass concentration: suspended solids 1.6 g per liter (aerobic sludge per litre water). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2°C
- pH:
- pH value was 7.4 ± 0.1 prior to study initiation and 7.5 ± 0.5 at final (minimum 7.71 and maximum 7.90 in test bottles: all controls were 7.5± 0.5)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen concentrations was 4.58 - 6.28 mg/L at test initation and 2.08 - 4.32 at test finish - determined before and after determination of respiration rates in the test system. Tes mixtures were aerated and stirred for three hours in a thermostatically controlled water bath, using an aerator connected to a supply of oil-free compressed air (one litre/minute)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The nominal concentrations tested were 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L (in five replicates per concentration)
The nominal concentrations of reference inhibitor 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP) were 3, 10 and 32 mg/L (single replicates per concentration) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 500mL glass bottles fitted with oxygen probe and sinter (for gas nozzle delivery)
- Type (delete if not applicable): Open, vessel continuously aerated with compressed air.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: See table 1.
- Aeration: Continuously aerated with compressed air at 1L per minute.
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not reported.
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): None.
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): Five
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): Five (negative) and one (reference item)
- Biomass loading rate: See table 1.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Synthetic sewage water had following composition; 16 g/L peptone, 11 g/L meat extract, 3 g/L urea, 0.7 g/L NaCl, 0.4 g/L CaCl2.2H2O, 0.2 g/L MgSO4.7H2O, 2.8 g/L K2HPO4 within 1litre deionised water.
- Culture medium different from test medium: Yes, tap water used for culture medium; synthetic wastewater and RO used for test medium. Replaced during inoculum pretreatment stage and media preparation.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and, temperature and dissolved oxygen values were determined in all test media and controls; prior to and at the end of the 3 hour incubation period.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Monitor the oxygen consumed by the test and control
mixtures following a 3-hour exposure phase. Measurements were made over a 15-minute period. The respirometer instrument measured the amount of oxygen in the mixtures at one minute intervals for at least 15 minutes.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: See table 1. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP)
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: NOEC was determined based on the absence of significant inhibition of respiration rates below this concentration.
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC80
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?:
- Relevant effect levels: 12.5 (95% C.I. 5.01 – 31.2) mg/L
- Other: Yes the reference substance results were valid, the EC50 for 3,5-dichlorophenol was between 2 and 25 mg/L (total respiration): actual 12.5 mg/L and was within the expected range: 2 to 25 mg/L. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 3 hour EC50 was > 1000 mg/L (nominal) was reported. The NOEC was 1000 mg/L (nominal) with no significant inhibition of respiration rates below this concentration determined under the conditions of the study.
- Executive summary:
The effect on respiration rate of activate sludge was examined using a method according to OECD TG 209 in accordance with GLP. Samples of activated sludge (suspended solids 1.6 g/L), fed with synthetic sewage, were exposed to dilutions of the test substance for three hours. Their rates of oxygen consumption were determined using oxygen electrodes and were compared with controls that contained activated sludge and synthetic sewage alone. The nominal test substance concentrations used in the study were 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L; five replicates were prepared for each concentration including the control. Single replicates of the reference inhibitor 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP) were used at 3, 10 and 32 mg/L, as a positive control. The mean specific respiration rate (Rs) of the control cultures incubated alongside the test mixtures was 24.1 mg O2/gh with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 17.2%. The three-hour 50% effect concentration (EC50) for 3,5-DCP was calculated to be 12.5 mg/L. These results show that the sample of activated sludge employed was sensitive to inhibition and that the test was valid. The test substance did not significantly inhibit the respiration rates of the samples of activated sludge, with a maximum reduction in respiration of 18% at 1000 mg/L. Consequently, the 20, 50 and 80% effect concentrations (EC20/50/80) for inhibition could not be calculated but must be greater than 1000 mg/L (highest concentration employed in this study) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for the test substance was 1000 mg/L (the highest concentration tested).
Reference
Table 2.0 - Dissolved oxygen concentrations, measurement times and specific respiration rates
Group |
Nominal concentration / mL |
Bottle |
Initial DO / mg O2/L |
Final DO / mg O2/L |
Measurement time / minutes |
Specific respiration rate / Rs mg O2/gh |
Mean Rs / mg O2/gh |
% inhibition |
Mean inhibition |
Control |
- |
1 |
6.22 |
2.70 |
6 |
22.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
5.87 |
2.28 |
5 |
26.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
5.37 |
2.60 |
4 |
26.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
5.67 |
2.69 |
4 |
27.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
5.34 |
3.43 |
4 |
17.9 |
24.1 |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Test item |
10 |
6 |
4.58 |
2.38 |
4 |
20.6 |
|
15 |
|
|
|
7 |
5.80 |
3.08 |
6 |
17.0 |
|
30 |
|
|
|
8 |
5.46 |
2.33 |
4 |
29.3 |
|
-22 |
|
|
|
9 |
5.89 |
2.34 |
5 |
26.6 |
|
-10 |
|
|
|
10 |
5.94 |
2.50 |
5 |
25.8 |
23.9 |
-7 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
11 |
5.58 |
3.47 |
4 |
19.8 |
|
18 |
|
|
|
12 |
6.00 |
2.73 |
5 |
24.5 |
|
-2 |
|
|
|
13 |
5.26 |
2.82 |
3 |
30.5 |
|
-26 |
|
|
|
14 |
4.87 |
2.11 |
3 |
34.5 |
|
-43 |
|
|
|
15 |
6.14 |
2.42 |
6 |
23.3 |
26.5 |
4 |
-10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1000 |
16 |
5.16 |
2.22 |
4 |
27.6 |
|
-14 |
|
|
|
17 |
6.22 |
2.60 |
6 |
22.6 |
|
6 |
|
|
|
18 |
6.45 |
4.32 |
5 |
16.0 |
|
34 |
|
|
|
19 |
6.31 |
2.91 |
7 |
18.2 |
|
25 |
|
|
|
20 |
6.28 |
2.69 |
9 |
15.0 |
19.9 |
38 |
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reference Item |
3 |
21 |
6.15 |
2.91 |
6 |
20.3 |
|
16 |
|
|
10 |
22 |
6.11 |
2.45 |
9 |
15.3 |
|
37 |
|
|
32 |
23 |
7.02 |
6.57 |
5 |
3.4 |
- |
86 |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DO = Dissolved Oxygen
The data presented were calculated using unrounded values stored in the computer database. Minor numerical differences may be observed in the respiration rate calculation if rounded values are used to calculate the data. This minor discrepancy is not considered to be significant
The Coefficient of variation for the control group was 17.2%
Negative inhibition indicates a respiration rate greater than that of the mean control respiration rate
The mean specific respiration rate (Rs) of the control cultures was > 20 mg O2/gh (actual 24.1 mg O2/gh) and the oxygen consumption rates of the two negative (blank; inoculum) controls differed by 17.2 % therefore meeting guideline the validity criteria (30%). The reference substance results were valid, the EC50 for 3,5-dichlorophenol was between 2 and 25 mg/L (total respiration): actual 12.5 mg/L and was within the expected range: 2 to 25 mg/L.
Description of key information
EC50 = > 1000 mg/L (nominal), 20 ± 2°C °C, OECD TG 209, 2014
EC20 = > 1000 mg/L (nominal), 20 ± 2°C °C, OECD TG 209, 2014
NOEC = 1000 mg/L (nominal), 20 ± 2°C °C, OECD TG 209, 2014
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 1 000 mg/L
Additional information
The effect on respiration rate of activate sludge was examined using a method according to OECD TG 209 in accordance with GLP. Samples of activated sludge (suspended solids 1.6 g/L), fed with synthetic sewage, were exposed to dilutions of the test substance for three hours. Their rates of oxygen consumption were determined using oxygen electrodes and were compared with controls that contained activated sludge and synthetic sewage alone. The nominal test substance concentrations used in the study were 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L; five replicates were prepared for each concentration including the control. Single replicates of the reference inhibitor 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP) were used at 3, 10 and 32 mg/L, as a positive control. The mean specific respiration rate (Rs) of the control cultures incubated alongside the test mixtures was 24.1 mg O2/gh with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 17.2%. The three-hour 50% effect concentration (EC50) for 3,5-DCP was calculated to be 12.5 mg/L. These results show that the sample of activated sludge employed was sensitive to inhibition and that the test was valid. The test substance did not significantly inhibit the respiration rates of the samples of activated sludge, with a maximum reduction in respiration of 18% at 1000 mg/L. Consequently, the 20, 50 and 80% effect concentrations (EC20/50/80) for inhibition could not be calculated but must be greater than 1000 mg/L (highest concentration employed in this study) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for the test substance was 1000 mg/L (the highest concentration tested).
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