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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 228-326-0 | CAS number: 6227-14-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 221 (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Direct Violet 9
- IUPAC Name:
- Direct Violet 9
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna minor
- Details on test organisms:
- Exponential growing plant monoculture of Lemna minor (Umweltbundesamt, FGIII 2.5, Überwachungsverfahren Abwasserentsorgung, Schichauweg 58, D-12307 Berlin)
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- Temperature 24 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- pH 6.5 at the beginning of the test; the pH value in the blank control should not increase by more than 1.5 units during the test.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The test was performed as a limit test at 174.5 mg/l test item, corresponding to 100 mg/l A.I
- Details on test conditions:
- Test vessel
400 ml beakers, all-glass, with 200 ml of test medium. The beakers were covered with black paper up until the 200 ml mark to ensure that illumination comes only from above and not from the sides.
Test medium
Swedish standard-Medium (SIS Medium; Table 2), prepared with ultra-pure water
Pre-culture
Exponentially growing plant monoculture of Lemna minor (the culture was visibly free from contamination by other organisms such as algae and protozoa).
Illumination Intensity:
continuous (6500–10000 lux) from Osram Fluora L18W77 (Osram AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) and CH Lighting F18T8/6500K EUP (CH Lighting CO., Ltd., China)
Incubation Beakers were incubated on a black non-reflecting surface. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- The test concentrations of Direct Violet 9 during the 7 day test period were determined by photometry at the beginning of the test, as well as after 3, 5 and 7 days of exposure. These analyses confirmed the right dosage of the test item, but showed that the concentrations of the test item decreased over the whole 7 day test period. The measured concentrations of the active ingredient were 93.2, 78.8, 73.1 and 81.5 mg/l after 0, 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. As they did not remain in the 80-120% range of the nominal concentration, the effective concentrations (ErC50 and EyC50) were assessed based on the geometric mean (GM) of the measured concentrations of the active ingredient, i.e. 81.3 mg/l.
With respect to growth rate inhibition, no significant effects as compared to the untreated controls were observed at the tested concentration.
With respect to yield inhibition, no significant effects as compared to the untreated controls were observed at the tested concentration.
Based on the above considetations, the tested substance should be considered as not toxic for aquatic plants and the EC50 growth rate/frond numbers is set at > 100 mg/l.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The results show that the tested item is not toxic to Lemna minor with EC50 > 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
No significant effects as compared to the untreated controls were observed at the tested concentration with respect to growth rate inhibition, and to yield inhibition.
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