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EC number: 203-721-0 | CAS number: 109-94-4
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Appearance:
On the basis of physical observation, the substance Ethyl formate was observed to be present as clear colourless liquid.
Melting point:
Freezing point value for Ethyl formate is determine to be -80.5 °C.
Boiling Point:
The test item being highly volatile in nature and gets readily vaporized. So, rise in capillary could not be observed. Hence the temperature of at which string of bubbles started emerging from the capillary was inferred to be the mean boiling point of the test item. The test was conducted in replicates and the mean boiling point of Ethyl Formate (CAS No. 109-94-4) was 56.6°C at 978.9 hPa.
Density:
The density of test item ethyl formate (CAS No. 109-94-4) was determined following OECD Guideline 109 and according to the Indian standard method for determination of density of liquids [IS 4730:1994 (Reaffirmed 2010)] using glass pyknometer. The density of the test item was determine to be 0.9149 g/cm3at 20 °C and 974.8hPa.
Particle size distribution:
In accordance with column 2 of Annex VII of the REACH regulation, the study does not need to be conducted if the substance is marketed or used in a non solid or granular form. Ethyl formate is a liquid and will be used and marketed in liquid form.
Vapour pressure:
The vapour pressure of Ethyl formate is determine to be 26664.47 Pa at 20 deg C.
Partition coefficient:
Based on the available data from study report,the partition Coefficient n-octanol/water of chemical Ethyl formate (CAS no. 109 -94 -4) was determined by the Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography method according to OECD Guideline No. 117 for testing of Chemicals. A test item solution was prepared by accurately weighing 50mg of test item and diluted with mobile phase up to 100ml. Thus, the test solution concentration was 500mg/l. The pH of test substance was 4.61.The reference substances were chosen according to structural similarity with the test substance. The reference substances wereAcetanilide, 2 nitro phenol,Benzene, Naphthalene,Biphenyl, andn butyl benzenehaving Pow value ranging from 1 to 4.6.The Log Pow value of the test chemical Ethyl formate was determined to be 1.504±0.003 at 25°C. On the basis of this value, the test substance Ethyl formate can be considered to be hydrophilic in nature.
Water solubility:
The water solubilitydetermination of test item Ethyl formate ;CAS No.109-94-4 was doneby spectrophotometric method. The water solubility was determine to be 71781.8 mgL at 25°C. Thus the chemical ethyl formate is considered to be very soluble in water.
Surface tension:
The surface tension value of substance Ethyl Formate is reported to be 24 Dynes/cm = 0.024 N/M at temperature 20 Deg C.
Flash point:
The flash point of the chemical Ethyl formate is reported to be -20°C indicating that the chemical shall be classified as a flammable liquid. Ethyl formate has a harmonized classification of Flammable Liquid 2.
Auto flammability:
Auto flamamability temperature of test substance Ethyl formate was determine to be 455°C
Flammability:
Ethyl formate is a liquid and has a flash point of -20 Deg C and boiling point of 54.5 Deg C. Thus in accordance with the Annex I of the CLP regulation, ethyla formate shall be considered to be a "Category 2 Flammable Liquid" considering the criteria of Flash point < 23 °C and boiling point > 35 °C. In addition, this chemical has a Harmonized Classification of "Flammable Liquid Category 2". Thus, this end point was not considered for testing.
Explosiveness:
This end point was not considered for testing since there are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule of ethyl formate. Thus, the chemical is not likely to be explosive.
Oxidizing properties:
For ethyl formate, oxidising property was considered for waiver since the chemical is incapable of reacting exothermically with combustible materials, for example on the basis of the chemical structure (e.g. ethyl formate is an organic substances containing oxygen and no halogen atoms) and the oxygen atoms are not chemically bonded to nitrogen or oxygen. Thus, ethyl formate is not likely to exhibit oxidising properties.
pH:
The pH determination of test item Ethyl Formate (CAS No. 109-94-4) was done following OECD guideline 122. pH of 1% w/v aqueous solution was measured with the help of pH meter and it was observed to be 1.96 at 25.6 °C.
Viscosity:
Kinematic viscosity (experimental) of Test item at 20°C and 40°C is 11.167 mm²/sec and 10.90 mm²/s, respectively. Dynamic viscosity (calculated) of Test item at 20°C and 40°C is 10.216 mPa.S and 9.972 mPa.S, respectively.
Additional information
Appearance:
On the basis of physical observation, the substance Ethyl formate was observed to be present as clear colourless liquid.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases it is concluded that ethyl formate physically appear as a liquid having slightly pungent, fruity, ethereal odor & from other source ethyl formate apear as a colorless liqud having sharp pleasent rum like odor.
Melting point:
Freezing point value for Ethyl formate is determine to be -80.5 °C.
From other reliable sources & authoritative database it is concluded that freezing point of ethyl formate is in the range between -79 to -80.5 Deg C.
Boiling Point:
The boiling point determination ofEthyl Formate(CAS No. 109-94-4) was done following OECD Guideline 103 and according to the method of Siwoloboff.The test item being highly volatile in nature and gets readily vaporized. So, rise in capillary could not be observed. Hence the temperature of at which string of bubbles started emerging from the capillary was inferred to be the mean boiling point of the test item.The test was conducted in replicates and mean boiling point was determine to be 56.6 °C at 978.9 hPa.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases it is concluded that boiling point of ethyl formate is in the range between 50 to 56 Deg C & 53.4 to 53.6 Deg C at 754.5 Torr, 50 Deg C at 659.4 Torr.
Density:
The density of test item ethyl formate (CAS No. 109-94-4) was determined following OECD Guideline 109 and according to theIndian standard method for determination of density of liquids [IS 4730:1994 (Reaffirmed 2010)]using glass pyknometer. The density of the test item was determine to be 0.9149 g/cm3at 20 °C and 974.8 hPa.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases it is concluded that density of chemical ethyl formate is deteremine to be from 0.8971 to 0.9166 g/cm3 at various temperatures which is near to key value.
Particle size distribution:
In accordance with column 2 of Annex VII of the REACH regulation, the study does not need to be conducted if the substance is marketed or used in a non solid or granular form. Ethyl formate is a liquid and will be used and marketed in liquid form.
Vapour pressure:
The vapour pressure of Ethyl formate is determine to be 26664.47 Pa at 20 deg C.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases it is concluded that vapour pressure of ethyl formate at various temperature is 0.00000122 Pa at -79.6 Deg C, 13332.23 Pa at 5.4 Deg C, 26600.0 Pa at 20 Deg C & 26664.4 Pa at 20.6 Deg C
Partition coefficient:
Based on the available data in a key study from study report,the partition Coefficient n-octanol/water of chemical Ethyl formate (CAS no. 109 -94 -4) was determined by the Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography method according to OECD Guideline No. 117 for testing of Chemicals. A test item solution was prepared by accurately weighing 50mg of test item and diluted with mobile phase up to 100ml. Thus, the test solution concentration was 500mg/l. The pH of test substance was 4.61.The reference substances were chosen according to structural similarity with the test substance. The reference substances were Acetanilide, 2 nitro phenol, Benzene, Naphthalene, Biphenyl, and n-butyl benzene having Pow value ranging from 1 to 4.6.The Log Pow value of the test chemical Ethyl formate was determined to be 1.504±0.003 at 25°C.
In a supportingstudy from handbook, peer reviewed journal, authoritative and modelling databases, the partition coefficient (log Pow) value of the substance Ethyl formate was determined to be 0.23.
Additional study from authoritative database and peer reviewed journalindicates that the octanol water partition coefficient (log Pow) value of the substance Ethyl formate was determined to be 0.27.
In an another supporting study from handbooks, the partition coefficient (log Pow) value of the substance Ethyl formate was determined to be 0.33.
Thus, based on the available information, the logPow valueof the test substance Ethyl formate ranges from 0.23 to 1.504, respectively. On the basis of this experimental value, chemical Ethyl formate can be considered to be hydrophilic in nature.
Water solubility:
The water solubility determination of test item Ethyl formate (CAS No. 109-94-4) was done as per the OECD guideline 105 by spectrophotometric analytical method as per OECD 101. The solubility of Ethyl formate of (CAS No: 109 -94 -4 ) in water was determne to be 71781.8 mgL at 25°C. Thus the chemical ethyl formate is considered to be very soluble in water.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases it is concluded that water solubility of ethyl formate is concluded to be 88250 mg/L at 25 Deg C, 105000 mg/L at 20 Deg C, 110000 mg/L at 20 Deg C.From above solubility velues it is concluded that ethyl formate is very soluble in water.
Surface tension:
The surface tension value of substance Ethyl Formate is reported to be 24 Dynes/cm = 0.024 N/M at temperature 20 Deg C.
From other reliable sources & authoritative databases surface tension value of substance Ethyl Formate is concluded to be 28 Dynes/cm = 0.028 N/M.
Flash point:
The flash point of the chemical Ethyl formate is reported to be -20°C indicating that the chemical shall be classified as a flammable liquid. Ethyl formate has a harmonized classification of Flammable Liquid 2.
Auto flammability:
Auto flamamability temperature of test substance Ethyl formate was determine to be 455°C
Flammability:
Ethyl formate is a liquid and has a flash point of -20 Deg C and boiling point of 54.5 Deg C. Thus in accordance with the Annex I of the CLP regulation, ethyla formate shall be considered to be a "Category 2 Flammable Liquid" considering the criteria of Flash point < 23 °C and boiling point > 35 °C. In addition, this chemical has a Harmonized Classification of "Flammable Liquid Category 2". Thus, this end point was not considered for testing.
Explosiveness:
This end point was not considered for testing since there are no chemical groups associated with explosive properties present in the molecule of ethyl formate. Thus, the chemical is not likely to be explosive.
Oxidizing properties:
For ethyl formate, oxidising property was considered for waiver since the chemical is incapable of reacting exothermically with combustible materials, for example on the basis of the chemical structure (e.g. ethyl formate is an organic substances containing oxygen and no halogen atoms) and the oxygen atoms are not chemically bonded to nitrogen or oxygen. Thus, ethyl formate is not likely to exhibit oxidising properties.
pH:
The pH determination of test itemEthyl Formate(CAS No.109-94-4) was done as per the test guideline OECD 122. The pH of the test solution was determined with the help ofdigital pH meter. The pH was determine to be 1.96 at 25.6 °C.
From other reliable sources pH of 5 g/l aqueous solution of the test substance Ethyl formate is determine to be 4.1 at 20°C.
Viscosity:
The viscosity determination of Test item ethyl formate (CAS No. 109-94 -4) was done as per the test guideline OECD 114 using Redwood Viscometer No. 1.Kinematic viscosity (experimental) of Test item at 20°C and 40°C is11.167 mm²/sec and 10.90 mm²/s, respectively. Dynamic viscosity (calculated) of Test item at 20°C and 40°C is 10.216 mPa.S and 9.972 mPa.S, respectively.
From other reliable sources it is concluded that viscosity of ethyl formate is 0.196 mPa.s at 100 Deg C, 0.299 mPa.s at 50 Deg C, 0.381 mPa.s at 25 Deg C & in the range between 0.0029 -0.0031 mPa.s at 50 Deg C, 0.004432 mm2/s at 20 Deg C.
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