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EC number: 202-851-5 | CAS number: 100-42-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: acceptable, well-documented publication/report meeting basic scientific principles; small group size
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Evaluation of Long-Term Occupational Exposure to Styrene Vapor on Olfactory Function
- Author:
- Dalton, P. et al.
- Year:
- 2 007
- Bibliographic source:
- Chem. Senses 32: 739-747
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- European risk assessment report, Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007.
- Author:
- European Union
- Year:
- 2 007
- Bibliographic source:
- Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Investigation whether occupational exposure to styrene is associated with olfactory impairment
- Endpoint addressed:
- neurotoxicity
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Multiple measures of olfactory function were evaluated using a standardized battery of clinical assessments from the Monell-Jefferson ChemosensoryClinical Research Center including odor identification ability.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Styrene
- EC Number:
- 202-851-5
- EC Name:
- Styrene
- Cas Number:
- 100-42-5
- Molecular formula:
- C8H8
- IUPAC Name:
- ethenylbenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): styrene
- Analytical purity: no data
Constituent 1
Method
- Details on study design:
- Olfactory function was measured in two groups: workers in a German reinforced-plastics boat-maufacturing facility having a minimum of 2 years of styrene exposure (15-25 ppm as calculated from urinary metabolite concentrations, with historical exposures up to 85 ppm) and a group of age-matched workers from the same facility with lower styrene exposures. The results were also compared with normative data previously collected from healthy, unexposed individuals. Thresholds for styrene were also obtained as a measure of occupational olfactory adaptation. Styrene exposure history was calculated through the use of past biological monitoring results for urinary metabolites of styrene; current exposure was determined for each individual using passive air sampling for styrene and biological monitoring for styrene urinary metabolites (mandelic acid [MA] + phenylglyoxylic acid [PGA]). For both current and historic exposures, the results of the biological monitoring were entered into a previously developed regression model (Lees et al., 2003) to calculate the corresponding respiratory exposure.
- Exposure assessment:
- measured
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Current mean effective styrene exposure during the day of olfactory testing for the group of workers who worked directly with styrene resins was 18 ppm styrene (SD=14), 371 g/g creatinine MA + PGA (SD=289) and that of the group of workers with lower exposures was 4.8 ppm (SD=5.2), 93 g/g creatinine MA + PGA (SD=100). Historic annual average exposures for all workers with lower exposures were greater by a factor of up to 6x.
No differences unequivocally attributable to exposure status were observed between the Exposed and Comparison groups or between performance of either group and normative population values on thresholds for odor identification. Although odor identification performance was lower among workers with higher ongoing exposures, performance on this test is not a pure measure of olfactory ability and is influenced by familiarity with the stimuli and their sources. Consistent with exposure-induced sensory adaptation, however, elevated styrene thresholds were significantly associated with higher occupational exposures to styrene.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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