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EC number: 215-200-5 | CAS number: 1312-81-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 2005
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Documentation insufficient for assessment Significant methodological deficiencies Unsuitable test system Japanese original, English translation available.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Biological effects of rare earth oxides to respiratory organs.
- Author:
- Takaya M., Toya T, Takata A, Otaki N, Yoshida K, Kohyama N
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- J. Aerosol Res. 20(3), 207-212
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Pulmonary changes after acute and repeated intratracheal adminstration.
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Acute experiment: Intratracheal istillation of Lanthanum oxide in rats, 30 to 50 mg/rat, no details given.
Subchronic experiment: 10 mg of lanthanum oxide adminstered intrachaeally to rats (number of applications and duration unclear) observations bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and histopathology after 3, 7, 14, 30, 90, 180 days. Control: physiological saline. Other Rare earth oxides were examined as well. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lanthanum oxide
- EC Number:
- 215-200-5
- EC Name:
- Lanthanum oxide
- Cas Number:
- 1312-81-8
- Molecular formula:
- La2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-)
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): La2O3
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): La2O3
- Physical state: solid, particle size determined by scanning electron microscopy: D50: 1.89 micro-m, geometric standard deviation: 1.85
- Analytical purity: not reported
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): not reported
-Source: not reported
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Acute toxicity: According to the authors Lanthanum oxide showed low acute toxicity after single intratracheal administration to rats. Animlas died from suffocation after insitllation of 30 to 50 mg/rat, equivalent to 10 to 165 mg/kg bw.
The subchronic experiment used a dose of 10 mg/rat (appr. 34 mg/kg body weight).
BAL analysis results as reported by the authors:
The total cell number was increased 3 to 4 fold compared to saline treated controls throughout the study period. Most of the cells were neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. From the 14 day sampling period the number of alveolar macrophages was reported to9 have decreased and surfactant was identified as well as micrspheres and collapsed macrophages. LDH was increased from day 3 to day 90. Agranular substance staining PAS positive as well as a cross shaped myelin structure was reported as a histopathological finding increasing from day 7 to day 90 and then decreasing. Foreign body granuloma, but no fibrosis were reported. Cerium oxide (CeO2)of a particle size of D50: 2.48 (GSD 2.90) did not show comparable effects, only slight increases in total cells in BAL, neutrophils and LD on day 7, but not at later time points. However fine particles of cerium oxide (CeO2) (D50: 0.2 (GSD 1.0) were reported to have comparable findings, although slightly less pronounced as the lanthanum oxide exposed animals. The possible influence of particle sizes on their findings is not discussed further by the authors.
Due to the insufficient reporting of details and the intratracheal administration no firm conclusions on possible effects after inhalation exposure to lanthanumoxide can be drawn from this study.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Takaya et al. (2005) reported a low acute toxicity of lanthnum oxide after intratracheal adminstration to rats. The authors also reported results of a subchronic experiment with intratracheal administration of lanthanum oxide to rats. Increases of alveolar macrophages, neurophils, LDH and surfactant as well as foreign body granuloma and lung proteinosis were reported to nicrease up to 90days and then decrease gradually. No fibrotic changes were observed. No conclusions on possible effects of lanthanum oxide after inhalation exposure can be drawn from this study due to a lack of information on the methodology, durationn and details of administration, number and strain of rats used etc. and the method of administration.
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