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EC number: 202-974-4 | CAS number: 101-77-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
The results of the conducted degradation tests demonstrate that 4,4'-methylenedianiline is not readily biodegradable and not inherently biodegradable under domestic conditions, but it is removed from surface waters within days either by mineralisation or transformation and migration into sediment. Hence, the test substance itself is not considered to be persistent in the environment.
Additional information
Results from the ready biodegradation studies clearly indicate that MDA is not readily biodegradable. 0.5mg/l radiolabeled MDA was used in an OECD 301B test (Schwarz, 2009). At this very low concentration of test substance and where inhibition of the microbial population would not be expected, only 46% biodegradation was recorded after 28 days exposure. The Yakabe (1994) study confirmed that MDA is not readily biodegradable in the OCED 301F test.
In the Caspers et al (1986) study using activated sludge from a predominantly municipal source, the inherent biodegradation of MDA was found to be only 43% after 28 days. In a further inherent biodegradation study (BASF, 1988), using activated sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant, MDA was found to undergo 95% degradation after 14 days, and 97% after 21 days.
A Coupled Units Test (OECD 303A, Baumann 1986) with activated sludge produced from a mixed inoculum (secondary effluent, Rhine-water, suspension of garden soil) with an adaption phase of 25 days indicated only 6.5% biodegradation after 34 days.
These results clearly show that 4,4'-MDA is not readily biodegradable and is rapidly eliminated from water only if an industrial inoculum is used. From the Coupled Units Test it can be deduced that an adaptation time of 25 days is not sufficient. Therefore elimination of 4,4'-MDA from the water body has to be considered as relevant in industrial wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) only. Degradation in municipal wwtps cannot be deduced from these results.
To further investigate the fate of the test substance in surface water as well as in water/sediment systems studies according to OECD 309 and OECD 308 were performed. The results of those studies indicate that the test substance rapidly disappears from surface waters with half-lives of maximum 11.1 days whereas the maximum half-life in sediments was determined to be 21 days (under anaerobic conditions). In the presence of sediments the 14C-labeled test substance migrated to the non-extractable fraction of the sediment. The parent compound disappeared in the process of an OECD 309 study completely while several metabolites were detected. The mineralization of the test substance was determined to be low under the conditions of both studies with maximum values of 5.7% in an OECD 308 study and 25.5% in an OECD 309 study (both values based on the production of 14CO2).
The results of the conducted degradation tests demonstrate that 4,4'-methylenedianiline is not readily biodegradable and not inherently biodegradable under domestic conditions, but it is removed from surface waters within days either by mineralisation or transformation and migration into sediment. Hence, the test substance itself is not considered to be persistent in the environment.
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