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EC number: 222-059-3 | CAS number: 3332-27-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Two studies are available for C14 AO showing that it is readily biodegradable meeting the 10-day window. These findings are supported by the results of studies performed using C12-14 AO.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
In the key study [Hirschen M (2008)] the ready biodegradability of the substance was assessed according to OECD TG 301B (CO2 evolution test) under GLP. 67.5 % degradation (based on CO2 evolution) was observed after 28 days when the inoculum (domestic sewage sludge) was exposed to the substance at a concentration of approximately 11.6 mg C/L. The test was performed in duplicate. The substance reached 9.5 % degradation on Day 2 and 61 % degradation on Day 12, hence meeting the 10-day window requirement for ready biodegradability. The reference substance, sodium benzoate, reached 25 % degradation on Day 2 and > 60 % by Day 7, meeting the validity criteria established in the guideline for a reference substance.
Two supporting studies using C14 AO are available. In the first of these [Casteel K (2007)] the substance was tested following OECD TG 301B at 14 mg C/L and an inoculum of activated sewage sludge solids. 10 % biodegradation of the test material was reached at Day 3 and 60% biodegradation was reached at Day 11 in all replicates. Hence the test material met the 10 d window requirement for ready biodegradability. The final level of biodegradation at 28 days was 91.7%. The reference substance, sodium benzoate, reached 17.4 % degradation on Day 1 and 61.6 % degradation on Day 5, meeting the validity criteria. In the second supporting study performed using C14 AO [van Dievoet F (2004)] the substance reached a biodegradation level of 65 % after 28-days when tested according to OECD TG 301B, however it failed to meet the 10-day window.
Several studies where C12 -14 AO was tested to OECD TG 301 B [Clarke (2005] [Casteel (2007)] [Hirschen (2001)], OECD TG 301 D [Balk & Hantink-De Rooij (1987)] or DIN 38 412 [Klein (1986)] are available. The substance was found to be readily biodegradable in all of these studies.
Based on these studies it is concluded that C14 AO is readily biodegradable.
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