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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 201-058-1 | CAS number: 77-78-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- cytotoxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: only secondary literature
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Effects of inhalation exposure to dimethyl sulphate on nasal epithelial cell proliferation.
- Author:
- Frame, S.R. et al.
- Year:
- 1 993
- Bibliographic source:
- Toxicologist 13, 389 (abstract 1524)
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- in vivo
- Endpoint addressed:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dimethyl sulphate
- EC Number:
- 201-058-1
- EC Name:
- Dimethyl sulphate
- Cas Number:
- 77-78-1
- Molecular formula:
- C2H6O4S
- IUPAC Name:
- dimethyl sulfate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Dimethyl sulphate
No further details were stated.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No further details were stated.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on exposure:
- Rats were exposed nose-only for two weeks to DMS vapors excluding the weekend. Following the seventh exposure, osmotic minipumps containing 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) were implanted into the dorsal subcutis. Rats were exposed for an additional three days and sacrifieced 18 hours following the last exposure.
No further details were stated. - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- No further details were stated.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 14 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 hours/day, 5 day/week
- Post exposure period:
- 18 hours
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.0 mg/m^3
Basis:
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.1 mg/m^3
Basis:
nominal conc.
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
3.7 ng/m^3
Basis:
nominal conc.
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
6.3 mg/m^3
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- No further details were stated.
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- No further details were stated.
Examinations
- Examinations:
- Nasal tissue was processed for routine histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis of BrdU incorporation. Labeling indexes were generated from epithelial areas lining the dorsal meatus (olfactory epithelium) and nasoturbinate (respiratory epithelium).
No further details were stated. - Positive control:
- No further details were stated.
Results and discussion
- Details on results:
- DMS was found to induce nasal epithelial cell proliferation at all concentrations tested (0.5, 3.7 and 6.3 mg/m3 6hr/day 5 d/wk). The 2.0- 3.7 fold increase in 2-bromo-5’ deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in nasal epithelium is larger than from DNA repair only. In respiratoy epithelium BrdU incorporation was statistically increased in the highest exposure group only. At the two highest exposure concentrations lesions of the nasal and respiratory epithelium were found, including erosion, ulceration, and atrophy, which increased in severity with exposure concentration and decreased in severity from anterior to posterior regions. Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia were observed in the respiratory epithelium only.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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