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EC number: 221-882-5 | CAS number: 3268-49-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2002-05-21 - 2002-06-13
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: All test concentrations at 0 h. For stability control a series of the concentrations tested, was made up in the same way as the concentrations for biological part, but in separate vessels without test organisms and NaHCO3.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A stock solution was prepared by adding 102 mg of the test item to 1 L synthetic freshwater without NaHCO3. For the biological part of the test, the stock solution was supplied with NaHCO3, to achieve the composition of synthetic water.
- Eluate: no
- Differential loading: no
- Controls: yes, test medium control - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: waterflea
- Strain/clone: clone 5
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): >24 h
- Source: originally obtained from Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany and bred in house
- Method of breeding: bred in M4 medium, fed daily with Desmodesmus subspicatus ad libitum.
- Feeding during test : no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: same as test - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 250 mg/L (CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.4 - 8.5 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations: 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/L
Stability control:
DOC analysis 0 h: < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, 2.86, 5.76, 11.25 mg/L
DOC analysis 48 h:< LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, 4.77, 10.31 mg/L
Test concentrations:
DOC analysis 0 h: < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, < LOQ, 2.8, 6.2, 12.4 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 22 mL head-space test tubes
- Fill volume: 20 mL
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic freshwater
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mobility after 0, 24 and 48 h - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: confidence limits: 2.4 - 8.3 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 12.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1.72 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Reference item is tested quarterly:
1 mg K2 Cr2 O7 / L <= 50 % effect (<= EC50)
2 mg K2 Cr2 O7 / L >= 50 % effect ( >= EC50) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50 (48 h) was calculated by probit analysis according to Cavalli-Sforza (1972).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- An EC50 (48 h) of 4.5 mg/L based on measured concentrations (TOC analysis) was determined.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Study period:
- 1985
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: AFNOR T 90 301
- Version / remarks:
- 1983
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- not indicated
- Details on test conditions:
- ratio Ca/Mg 4:1
conductivity equal to 250 mg/L ± 25 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The determined EC50 (24 h) was 25 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: At the beginning of exposure, before water change
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentrations: 2.96, 4.44, 6.67, 10.0, 15.0 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Fill volume: 200 mL
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency): every 24 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light / 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: indoor light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): mobility after 24 and 48 h
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7.15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limit: 6.30-8.06 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4.44 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Biological effects
Concentration (mg/L) |
number |
Number mobile |
Number immobile |
% |
Control |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0.15 |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0.3 |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0.6 |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
1.2 |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
2.8 |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
6.2 |
20 |
15 |
5 |
25 |
12.4 |
20 |
12 |
8 |
40 |
Description of key information
EC50 (48 h): 4.5 mg/L (meas. TOC, OECD 202)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The acute toxicity of the substance to Daphnia magna was investigated under static conditions in a guideline study according to OECD 202 (GLP). The test animals exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10, 100 mg/L for 48 h. An EC50 (48 h) of 4.5 mg/L (meas. initial based on TOC) was determined. A comparable result was obtained in a supporting study conducted according to OECD 202. Daphnia magna were exposed for 48 h to nominal test substance concentrations of 2.96, 4.44, 6.67, 10.0 and 15.0 mg/L. The test solutions were re-newed every 24 h and an analytical dose verfication by HPLC was performed. The determined EC50 (48 h) was 7.15 mg/L.
Supporting information is available from a study conducted according to AFNOR standard T 90 301N. In the study an EC50 (24 h) of 25 mg/L (nominal) was determined. However, since the test duration was only 24 h and the documentation of the study is not sufficient this result is not used for the assessment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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