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EC number: 221-573-5 | CAS number: 3147-75-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study without restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test concentration was prepared by weighing 100.1 mg of the test item and transferring it into a glass flask by multiple washing. It was filled up to 1001.0 mL of test medium. The mixture was ultrasonicated for 15 min at 40°C and then shaken at room temperature for 24 h. After mixing the control and the test concentration was filtered through a conditioned nitrocellulose membranes filter. The filtrate was the Water Accomodated Fraction (WAF) used for exposure.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: Standard laboratory culture maintained in the Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Branch Pszczyna, Department of Ecotoxicology, Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): < 24 hours
- Method of breeding: Daphnia magna was cultured in glass beakers of 150 mL volume (one parent per vessel) at room temperature 18 – 22 deg. C with the light : dark ratio of 16 h : 8 h. The culture was maintained in Elendt M7 medium.
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): yes
- Type and amount of food: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata algae suspension. Group B vitamins and micronutrients necessary for proper growth were supplied with lyophilized Spirulina sp. suspension. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers
- Type (delete if not applicable): covered with transparent lids in order to minimize evaporation and to prevent accidental contamination
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 mL
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 8
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 8
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none
- Photoperiod: 16:8 light:dark - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: The test was conducted without analytical monitoring of the test concentrations, since the water solubility of the test substance was below the analytical limit of detection. A saturated solution at a loading rate of 100 mg/L was prepared.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: public literature, limited details on experimental conditions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- - stock solutions were prepared with tetrahydrofuran (THF not in excess of 0.01% (v/v) in the final exposure solution
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia pulex
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia Pulex: collected from ShinikePond (Ehime, Japan), and single individual was isolated for clone culture.
Single-clone population was cultured at 19-21°C at pH 7-7.5.
Aged tap water was used as culture medium.
Established population was maintained for more than 3 months before the experiment. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0.1., 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- Toxicity testwas conducted under the same condition as for the clone culture.
photoperiod: 16h light, 8h dark
20 neonates (age<24h) were placed in 30ml glass beaker containing 25ml of the test solution for each concentration and control.
Test organisms were not fed during the testing period. 3 replicates were tested.
Observation: afer 24h, 48h - Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- not specified
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
With high probability acutely not harmful to aquatic invertebrates. No toxic effects occurred in the range of water solubility.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The key study from the Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna (2012) is a static toxicity study. In this test young Daphnia magna individuals (< 24 h old) were exposed to the test item for 48 hours. A nominal concentration of 100 mg/L WAF (water accomodated fraction) was applied as a limit test. The EC50 causing 50% immobilization of the Daphnia magna population during 48 hours exposure is higher than 100.0 mg/L WAF. No toxicity was observed up to the solubility limit of the test substance in the test medium under the test conditions.
Additionally published data on acute Daphnia toxicity are available. Vehicle was used. Limited details on the experimental conditions were given. However, the EC50 48h was above the highest tested concentration of 10 mg/L (nominal).
A non-GLP guideline study according to OECD 202 (1989) was disregarded since the exposure time was only 24 instead of 48h. Moreover, the preparation of the test substances was conducted with a solubilizer.
In conclusion, the substance is regarded as acutely not toxic to aquatic invertebrates. No toxic effects could be recorded in the range of water solubility.
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