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EC number: 205-702-2 | CAS number: 147-85-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to other aquatic vertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- PROTECTIVE ACTION OF 24 AMINO ACIDS ON THE TOXICITY OF COPPER TO A FRESHWATER TUBIFICIDWORM TUBIFEX TUBIFEX MULLER
- Author:
- Khangarot, B.S.; Rathore, R.S.
- Year:
- 2 004
- Bibliographic source:
- Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 157: 53–63
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: other guideline: APHA, AWWA, WPCF.: 1989, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th edn. American Public Health Association Inc., Washington, DC.
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reference substance 002
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- water
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Tubifex tubifex Muller (a tubified worm)
- Details on test organisms:
- Tubificid worms (Tubifex tubifex) were initially collected from natural streams and stock culture was made in the laboratory.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- Total hardness 240 mg/L as CaCO3; range 230 - 265 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.5; range 7.4 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 5.5 mg/L; range 5.2 - 5.8 mg/L
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations. Values see "Results and Discussion"
- Details on test conditions:
- Tests were conducted in BOD chamber at 20 ± 1 ◦C at the ITRC Gheru Campus. Acute toxicity bioassays with T. tubifex were conducted in well water at 20 ±1 ◦C according to detail method described for the static test in Standard Methods (APHA et al., 1989). At the beginning of the experiment, 10 tubificid worms were placed in 100 mL petri dishes. A series of test concentrations (6 to 8) of copper toxicant and control with or without amino acids were used in the present study. All tests were run in duplicate sets.
Stock solution of Cu (as CuSO4 · 5H2O) in distilledwaterwas prepared. Aliquots of this stock solution were added to the test containers to prepare the desired Cu concentrations. Tubificid worms were not fed during the Cu exposure period. Initial measurements of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, and total hardness parameters were determined as procedures described by Standard Methods (APHA et al., 1989). A fixed quantity of amino acids at the concentration of 2 mM, 4 mM, 10 mM, and 20mMwas added to Cu concentration.
APHA, AWWA, WPCF (1989): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th edn. American Public Health Association Inc., Washington, DC. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Control experiments with or without copper and at highest concentrations (i.e., 20mM) of each tested amino acid were run for 96h of exposure. For each amino acid control test without copper solution, 100% survival was observed.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC50 for Cu without addition of L-proline
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 9.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 2 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 5.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 4 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 10 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 11 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 20 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu without addition of L-proline
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.75 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 2 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 4 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 10 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 3.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 20 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC50 for Cu without addition of L-proline
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 2 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.75 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 4 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.88 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 10 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 20 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.08 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC50 for Cu without addition of L-proline
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.21 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 2 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.65 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 4 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.75 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 10 mmol/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.39 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: Cu
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: LC 50 for Cu in presence of L-proline at a concentration of 20 mmol/L
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Confidence limits (CL) were given
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Copper alone is highly toxic to tubificid worms. The acute toxicity of Cu decreases in the presence of L-proline. The findings demonstrate that
even 20 mM of L-proline alone are not harmful to tubified worms.
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