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EC number: 235-471-3 | CAS number: 12238-31-2 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 15860:2.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- Well reported scientific publication, but no full study report.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Influence of tea drinking on manganese intake, manganese status and leucocyte expression of MnSOD and cytosolic aminopeptidase P
- Author:
- Hope S-J , Daniel K, Gleason KL, Comber S, Nelson M and Powell JJ
- Year:
- 2 006
- Bibliographic source:
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2006) 60, 1–8
Materials and methods
- Endpoint addressed:
- other: Dietary uptake of Manganese by tea drinkers and non-tea drinkers
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Quantitation of Mn in human blood by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Manganese
- EC Number:
- 231-105-1
- EC Name:
- Manganese
- Cas Number:
- 7439-96-5
- Molecular formula:
- Mn
- IUPAC Name:
- manganese(2+)
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
Method
- Ethical approval:
- confirmed, but no further information available
- Details on study design:
- A total of 52 healthy volunteers were recruited, 24 black-tea drinkers (age range 22–62 years) and 28 non-tea drinkers (age range 21–63 years) and neither group consumed green tea or fruit/herbal teas. Tea drinkers were defined as those who consumed four or more mugs (i.e. > 1l) of black tea daily. Non-tea drinkers were those who did not consume tea at all. A questionaire was used to identify relevant Mn intake from other sources. Overnight fasting venous blood samples were collected. A volume of 4ml was taken for whole blood Mn analysis and 6ml for plasma Mn analysis.
The analytical procedure was checked against contamination of leachable Mn from testing equipment. Mn determinations of whole blood and plasma were performed using a Perkin Elmer 4100ZL GF-AAS with Zeeman effect background correction using an adapted method of Luna and Campos. The accuracy and validity of the analytical data were established through the use of standard addition calibration, triplicate analysis and analysis of certified reference materials. Standard additions of 0, 2.5 and 5 µg/l Mn were used for plasma analysis and additions of 0, 5 and 10 µg/l Mn were used for whole bloods.
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Black tea does appear to be a major source of dietary Mn and the USA or EU upper limits of 10–11 mg/day for Mn could be reconsidered, especially for tea drinkers.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The mean ± s.d. Mn level of the certified whole blood reference material was 13.5±1.3 ng/ml (expected value 13.4 ng/ml), and the mean value of the serum reference material was 10.8 ± 0.5 ng/ml (expected value 10.6 ng/ml). Mn levels of black tea infusions were 0.51 ± 0.11 mg/100 g. Mn intake (mean (range)) was significantly greater in tea drinkers than non-tea drinkers using either the value of 0.51 mg/100 g (10 mg/day (5–20) versus 3.2 mg/day (0.5–6.5), respectively; P < 0.0001 by t-test) or 0.14 mg/100 g (5.5 mg/day (2–12) versus 3.2 mg/day (0.5–6.5), respectively; P < 0.0001 by t-test). Whole blood Mn levels (Mann–Whitney test) and expression of cAP-P (t-test) and MnSOD (Mann–Whitney test) did not differ significantly in tea drinkers compared with non-tea drinkers (P=0.11, 0.15 and 0.4, respectively). Black tea does appear to be a major source of dietary Mn and the USA or EU upper limits of 10–11 mg/day for Mn could be reconsidered, especially for tea drinkers.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Dietary Mn intakes (mean (range)) were significantly lower (Po0.0001) in non tea drinkers (3.2 mg/day (0.5–6.5)) than tea drinkers (5.5 mg/day (2–12) or 10 mg/day (5–20) depending upon the value used for Mn levels of black tea). Whole blood, plasma Mn levels and expression of MnSOD and cAP-P did not differ between the groups. In a continuous analysis, whole blood Mn levels and expression of MnSOD correlated inversely but no other parameters associated with each other. Tea drinking is a major source of dietary Mn and intakes commonly exceed proposed adequate intake values of 1.8–2.3mg Mn/day and, on occasion, exceed upper limits of 10–11 mg/day. Dietary Mn intake has little influence on markers of Mn status or expression of Mn-dependent enzymes.
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