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EC number: 254-471-4 | CAS number: 39489-75-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 27 June 2005 (beginning of the study) to 30 June 2005 (end of the study)
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This study was performed according to EU Method C.3 (equivalent to the OECD Guideline 201) with GLP statement. All validity criteria were fulfilled but pH deviation of more than 1.5 unit was observed in the test item vessel throughout the test and no explanation was provided.
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- , 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- version of 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Bis(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl) carbonate
- EC Number:
- 254-471-4
- EC Name:
- Bis(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl) carbonate
- Cas Number:
- 39489-75-3
- Molecular formula:
- C13H4Cl4N2O7
- IUPAC Name:
- bis(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl) carbonate
- Test material form:
- not specified
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Bis(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl)carbonat
- Substance type: no data
- Physical state: no data
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data
- Stability under test conditions: stable. Verified by chemical analysis (HPLC) at 0 and 72 hours.
- Storage condition of test material: no data
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
None
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: Aliquots of the samples from the biological test were directly analysed.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: The samples are analysed immediately. Only in exceptional cases, samples are stored overnight deeply frozen and protected from light.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
Before start of the test, the test item was pulverized. To accelerate the solution procedure, a 69 amount of the water solubility of the test item underexposure conditions (1.8 mg/L) was taken (125 mg/L) and added directly to 1L of dilution water and treated for 1 hour in an ultrasonic bath and afterwards stirring for 21 hours on a magnetic stirrer. Finally undissolved particles of the test item were removed by filtration.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Strain: no data
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Non-axenic strain of the test species obtaine from "The Collection of Algal Cultures" of the Institute of Plant Physiology at the University of Göttingen (Germany). Exponentially-growing stock cultures are maintained in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (23 +/- 2°C) at a light intensity in the range 60-120 µE. x m-2 x s-1 (measured in the range 400 to 700 nm using a spherical quantum flux meter). The nutrient medium is renewed once a week. Cell density measurements are made using a microcell counter.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): no data
- Method of cultivation: Pre-cultures are set up three days before the start of a test. They are grown under identical exposure conditions as the stock cultures, except from the use of a different nutrient medium (medium recommended by the guideline).
ACCLIMATION
no data
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- none
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- No data
- pH:
- Control: 8.0-8.6
At 1.8 mg/L: 6.0-9.4 - Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 1.8 mg/L
Measured concentrations: See table 6.1.5/1 in "Any other information on results incl. tables" section. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (with cotton stoppers)
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 300 mL
- Aeration: no data
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): not applicable
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: mean of 833889 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: no data
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no data
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: constant illumination
- Light intensity and quality: 4000 to 8000 lx
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: counting chamber
- Chlorophyll measurement: no
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: limit test (1.8 mg/L)
- Range finding study: no data - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks:
- and biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
See table 6.1.5/2 in "Any other information on results incl. tables" section. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not relevant
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 6.1.5/1: Analytical monitoring
Nominal concentrations (mg/L) |
Measured concentrations (mg/L) |
|
0h |
72h |
|
Control |
<0.025 / <0.025 |
<0.025 / <0.025 |
1.8 (with algal inoculum) |
1.637 / 1.643 (90.9 to 91.3% of nominal) |
1.7 / 1.693 (94.1 to 94.4% of nominal) |
1.8 (without algal inoculum) |
1.659 / 1.666 (92.2 to 92.6% of nominal) |
1.917 / 1.925 (106.5 to 106.9% of nominal) |
Table 6.1.5/2: Results
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Replicate |
Cell density (cells/mL) |
Growth (b) |
Percentage increase of cell growth (%) |
Growth rate (r) |
Percentage increase of cell growth rate (%) |
|||
0h |
24h |
48h |
72h |
||||||
Control |
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 |
30000 40000 40000 40000 33333 40000 |
173333 180000 173333 163333 183333 170000 |
826667 846667 820000 843333 850000 816667 |
591667 618333 598333 600000 616667 593333 |
- |
1.47 1.48 1.47 1.48 1.48 1.47 |
- |
Mean |
10000 |
37222 |
173889 |
833889 |
603056 |
1.47 |
|||
1.8 |
1 2 3 |
10000 10000 10000 |
36667 40000 40000 |
206667 196667 206667 |
940000 1030000 920000 |
688333 726667 681667 |
-15.9 |
1.51 1.54 1.51 |
-3.3 |
Mean |
10000 |
38889 |
203333 |
963333 |
698889 |
1.52 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- OECD validity criteria of the testing guideline 201 (version of 1984) : the cell concentration in the control cultures have increased by a factor of more than 16 within 3 days.
- Conclusions:
- Based on the absence of inhibition of growh and growth rate at the limit test concentration, the 72h-EC0 was greater or equal to 1.8 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
This study was performed according to EU Method C.3 (equivalent to the OECD Guideline 201) with GLP statement, to assess adverse effects of the test substance on the growth and the growth rate of the planktonic freshwater algal species Desmodesmus subspicatus over several generations.
Exponentially growing algal cells were exposed for a period of 72 hours to a limit test concentration of nominally 1.8 mg/L of test item dissolved in water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultrasonic bath, a magnetic stirrer and a folder filter.
The cell densities were measured at 24 hour intervals. Inhibition of the algal population was measured as reduction of growth and growth rate, relative to control cultures grown under identical conditions.
Based on the absence of inhibition of growh and growth rate at the limit test concentration, the 72h-EC0 was greater or equal to 1.8 mg/L. All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. Recovery rates ranged from 90.9 to 92.6% of nominal values at 0 hours, and from 94.1 to 106.9% of nominal values at 72 hours, respectively.
All validity criteria were fulfilled but pH deviation of more than 1.5 unit was observed in the test item vessel throughout the test and no explanation was provided.
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