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EC number: 212-298-1 | CAS number: 778-94-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- effects on growth of green algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 09 – 27 Apr 2019
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 019
- Report date:
- 2019
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2006
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The test was performed in compliance with the requirements of the Principles of Good Laboratory Practices (GB/T 22278-2008).
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
- EC Number:
- 212-298-1
- EC Name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
- Cas Number:
- 778-94-9
- Molecular formula:
- C8H3F3N2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.0 (Control), 0.0625 mg/L, 0.125 mg/L, 0.25 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L, and 1.00 mg/L
- Sampling method: At 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h the test solution was collected and changes in test substance concentration were analysed. 30 mL samples were taken from the blank control group and the 0.0625 mg/L and 0.125 mg/L test groups. 10 mL samples were taken from the 0.25 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L, and 1.00 mg/L test groups.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Method for preparing the test substance stock solution (100 mg/L) for the actual test: 0.0101 g test substance was weighed, and sterilised, then using AAP this was diluted to 100 mL after being subjected to ultrasound for 20 minutes. Secondary stock solution (10 mg/L): 10 mL of 100 mg/L stock solution was aspirated, and sterilised AAP used to dilute to 100 mL, yielding a 10 mg/L stock solution. The stock solution was placed in 150 mL Erlenmeyer flasks according to Table 1 in “Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables”, sterilised AAP culture medium was added to dilute to the different concentrations of test solution.
- Controls: Negative control consisting of test medium
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: Batch number: A20190419P
- Source: Freshwater Algae Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Method of cultivation: The algae strain was continuously cultured at this laboratory using AAP culture medium, transferred once weekly, and inoculation quantity was 1% of the algal cell concentration prior to inoculation.
- Culturing before testing: Prior to starting the test, 1.00 mL of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata algal solution was inoculated into 100 mL of sterilised culture medium, placed in a shaking culture box at a temperature of 23.4°C, illuminated at 5000 Lux (± 15%) and pre-cultured for 4 to 5 days at a shaking speed of 100 r/min.
- Other: Prior to the test, algal growth conditions in the stock solution were checked, and once it was discovered that algal cell growth was good, without cellular abnormalities, bacteria, other algal contamination, or anomalous phenomena, said algal strain met the test requirements.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions: Same conditions, but cultured in 100 mL (preculture) instead of 70 mL (test)
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: No
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 23.0 - 23.6 °C
- pH:
- During the test: 7.48 - 7.98 (Blank control), 7.21 - 7.96 (treatments)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0.0 (Control), 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mg/L
Mean measured concentrations: < LOD/LOQ, 0.0597, 0.124, 0.244, 0.455 and 0.950 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 150 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 70 mL of test substance solution and algal cells
- Initial cells density: 1.76 x10^4 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 64.2 – 70.2 x10^4 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per positive control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: Yes, AAP culture medium was used.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Deionised water was used to prepare test medium
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH was measured at the beginning (0 h) and end of test (72 h)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: Continuous
- Light intensity and quality: 5617-5700 Lux, uniform cool white light
- Shaking rate: 100 r/min
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Determination of cell concentrations: Cell density was measured at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours using a microscope.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: 0.0 (Control), 1.00 mg/L, 10.0 mg/L, and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 91.0% growth inhibition at 1.00 mg/L after 72 h, 107% growth inhibition after 72 h at 10.0 mg/L and 100 mg/L.
CULTURING APPARATUS
- Details on culturing apparatus used: Illuminated shaker (JM-C, Jiangsu Jiamei Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd.); Erlenmeyer flasks (150 mL, Tianbo Instruments Factory). - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate was used as positive control and tested at least once a year, to verify that the test conditions satisfied the test requirements and no significant changes had occurred.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.38 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.247 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): During the actual test, algal cell morphology in the blank control group was normal; with the exception of reduced algal cell quantity in the test groups, no other abnormal phenomena were observed.
- Other: The results indicate that, under the conditions of this test, at the end of the test (72 h) the test substance concentration was 94.3-99.2% that of the initial concentration (0 h) and the change in concentration was < 20% that of the initial concentration. Therefore, test system concentration was stable in the test process, and the test results were expressed using initial actual measured concentration. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - EC50 (72 h): 1.23 mg/L (nominal) obtained in last reference compound test on 15 to 18 Jan 2019.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The trimmed Spearman-Karber method (version 1.5, USEPA) was used to calculate ErC50 and 95% confidence interval.
The Dunnett’s test (Dunnett’s tests, ANOVA, SPSS 19.0) was used to analyse algal growth rates in the test groups and the control group, and determine the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) (p < 0.05) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Results from Growth Inhibition Test of NTBN on Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata
Prepared concentration1 |
24 h |
|
48 h |
|
72 h |
|
|
Cell conc.2 |
Inhibition rate (%) |
Cell conc.2 |
Inhibition rate (%) |
Cell conc.2 |
Inhibition rate (%) |
blank control2 |
4.66 |
- |
17.1 |
- |
64.2 |
- |
4.76 |
19.0 |
67.8 |
||||
4.76 |
18.4 |
70.2 |
||||
0.0625 mg/L |
3.86 |
7.07 |
17.0 |
3.15 |
64.4 |
-0.0844 |
4.76 |
17.7 |
73.0 |
||||
4.66 |
16.0 |
65.6 |
||||
0.125 mg/L |
4.46 |
13.9 |
16.9 |
9.31 |
78.5 |
0.928 |
3.96 |
13.1 |
55.3 |
||||
3.96 |
14.1 |
63.6 |
||||
0.25 mg/L |
3.66 |
25.0 |
13.1 |
14.1 |
62.6 |
3.21 |
3.56 |
13.1 |
55.6 |
||||
3.86 |
13.0 |
61.8 |
||||
0.50 mg/L |
2.36 |
70.3 |
2.76 |
79.2 |
3.66 |
80.3 |
2.36 |
2.96 |
4.06 |
||||
2.36 |
2.86 |
3.16 |
||||
1.00 mg/L |
14.96 |
87.4 |
2.16 |
90.6 |
2.16 |
94.8 |
2.06 |
2.26 |
2.16 |
||||
1.96 |
2.16 |
2.06 |
||||
ErC50 (mg/L) (based on initial actual measured concentration value) |
0.36 |
0.36 |
0.38 |
|||
95% confidence interval (mg/L) |
0.34 – 0.37 |
0.35 – 0.37 |
0.38 – 0.39 |
1Algal cell initial concentration at 0 h was 1.76 x 104cells/mL.
2(x104cells/mL)
Table 2: Measurement Results for NTBN Stability in Test Medium
Prepared concentration (mg/L WAFs) |
Actual measured concentration (mg/L) |
72 h actual measured concentration/ 0 h actual measured concentration (%) |
||||
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
Mean value |
||
Blank control |
ND1 |
ND |
ND |
ND |
- |
- |
0.0625 |
0.0613 |
0.0589 |
0.0602 |
0.0582 |
0.0597 |
94.9 |
0.125 |
0.124 |
0.126 |
0.123 |
0.123 |
0.124 |
99.2 |
0.25 |
0.247 |
0.249 |
0.240 |
0.240 |
0.244 |
97.2 |
0.50 |
0.471 |
0.448 |
0.451 |
0.450 |
0.455 |
95.5 |
1.00 |
0.992 |
0.930 |
0.942 |
0.935 |
0.950 |
94.3 |
1: not detected.
Table 3: Validity criteria for OECD 201 (2006)
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
The biomass in the control cultures should have increased exponentially by a factor of at least 16 within the 72-hour test period. |
During the 72 h test period, algal cells in the blank control group presented exponential growth and concentration increased by a factor of 38. |
yes |
The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates (days 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3, for 72-hour tests) in the control cultures must not exceed 35% |
For each test stage over the 72 h (e.g., 0-1 days, 1-2 days, 2-3 days), mean coefficient of variation of the daily specific growth rate was 16%. |
yes |
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures must not exceed 7% in tests with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus. For other less frequently tested species, the value should not exceed 10%. |
For each parallel in the control group, mean coefficient of variation of the daily specific growth rate was 1.24%. |
yes |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See Table 1 in "Any other information on results incl. tables".
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