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EC number: 292-960-4 | CAS number: 91031-57-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- Refer to read across justification provided in IUCLID section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Source: CAS 26399-02-0, BASF, 1995, D. magna, 21 d
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks:
- number of offspring
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Source: CAS 26399-02-0, BASF, 1995, D. magna, 21 d
- Conclusions:
- No long-term effects on aquatic invertebrates were recorded up to the limit of water solubility (OECD 211, D. magna, RA CAS 26399-02-0).
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06 Oct - 28 Oct 1995
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 202, part 2 (1993)
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Eluate of 1 and 100 mg/L at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Stock solutions of 1 and 100 mg/L in test medium (M4) were prepared and stirred for 16 h up to 5 d. The suspension was filtered via glass fibre filter, the water phase, supposedly satisfied with test substance to the limit of solubility, was used without further dilution - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: in-house culture, originally obtained from BGA Berlin (May 1994)
- Feeding during test: yes
- Food type: Scenedesmus subspicatus
- Amount: 2.5*10E6 cells/daphnid/day for 0-7 day old animals; 5.0*10E6 cells/daphnid/day for >7 day old animals
- Frequency: daily
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Test temperature:
- 20.9 - 22.1 °C
- pH:
- 7.8 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 89 - 100 % (air saturation)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 1 and 100 mg/L
Measured: <0.01 and <0.01 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flask
- Type: closed by hourglass
- Size: 100 mL; Fill volume: 50 mL
- Renewal rate of test solution: every 2 to 3 days
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration: 10
- No. of vessels per control: 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Culture medium different from test medium: same, M4-Elendt
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light, 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 300 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: The number of offspring and mortality of parental animals were recorded daily. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: filtered test solution
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks:
- number of offspring
- Details on results:
- - Measured concentration of test substance: < 0.01 mg/L in the 1 mg/L as well as in the 100 mg/L sample at all sampling times.
- Mortality of parent animals: 0% in control and 1 mg/L (nominal) at the end of the test, 90% died on day 19 in 100 mg/L (nominal);
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: 5.8 offspring/daphnid/day in control over 21 days; 6.0 offspring/daphnid/day in 1 mg/L (nominal) over 21 days and 6.7 offspring/daphnid/day in 100 mg/L (nominal) over first 17 days as well as 4.5 offspring/daphnid/day in 100 mg/L (nominal) over full 21 days (23% reduced due to mortality of parent animals);
- other: limit of solubility of test substance <0.01 mg/L.
- The authors state, that the deaths of 90% of parent animals on day 19 in the 100 mg/L (nominal) sample could have resulted from sample contamination. Another course to explain the given results would be an error in eluate preparation. Either way, it is safe to say that a NOEC > 1 mg/L (nominal) is given for reproduction (number of offspring) and mortality (parent animals).
Referenceopen allclose all
The analytic shows a similarly small concentration of test substance (< 0.01 mg/L) in the 1 mg/L as well as in the 100 mg/L sample at all sampling times.
Detailed information on offspring numbers and mortality is presented in Table 1.1 to 1.3.
Table 1.1: Number of offspring and average offspring per daphnid per day in the control:
Control |
||||||||
Daphnid no. |
Day 10 |
Day 12 |
Day 14 |
Day 17 |
Day 19 |
Day 21 |
Σoffspring in 21 days per animal |
Average offspring/ daphnid/d |
1 |
8 |
23 |
0 |
20 |
20 |
13 |
84 |
6.5 |
2 |
7 |
0 |
24 |
18 |
21 |
0 |
70 |
5.4 |
3 |
6 |
0 |
28 |
19 |
18 |
0 |
71 |
5.5 |
4 |
12 |
0 |
21 |
21 |
19 |
11 |
84 |
6.5 |
5 |
5 |
13 |
19 |
0 |
12 |
18 |
67 |
5.2 |
6 |
5 |
19 |
0 |
21 |
24 |
12 |
81 |
6.2 |
7 |
10 |
0 |
21 |
18 |
19 |
15 |
83 |
6.4 |
8 |
7 |
0 |
22 |
19 |
25 |
0 |
73 |
5.6 |
9 |
6 |
0 |
16 |
18 |
18 |
17 |
75 |
5.8 |
10 |
4 |
20 |
0 |
22 |
10 |
13 |
69 |
5.3 |
Average |
75.7 |
5.8 |
Table 1.2: Number of offspring and average offspring per daphnid per day in the 1 mg/L concentration:
Nominal 1 mg/L (analytically <0.01 mg/L) |
||||||||
Daphnid no. |
Day 10 |
Day 12 |
Day 14 |
Day 17 |
Day 19 |
Day 21 |
Σoffspring in 21 days per animal |
Average offspring/ daphnid/d |
1 |
11 |
19 |
0 |
15 |
19 |
16 |
80 |
6.2 |
2 |
0 |
12 |
17 |
10 |
0 |
33 |
72 |
5.5 |
3 |
11 |
0 |
21 |
16 |
20 |
0 |
68 |
5.2 |
4 |
8 |
17 |
0 |
21 |
29 |
16 |
91 |
7.0 |
5 |
7 |
19 |
0 |
21 |
13 |
16 |
76 |
5.8 |
6 |
10 |
0 |
23 |
19 |
26 |
0 |
78 |
6.0 |
7 |
10 |
0 |
20 |
18 |
21 |
15 |
84 |
6.5 |
8 |
9 |
18 |
0 |
18 |
18 |
20 |
83 |
6.4 |
9 |
5 |
17 |
0 |
18 |
22 |
18 |
81 |
6.2 |
10 |
8 |
0 |
14 |
18 |
29 |
0 |
67 |
6.2 |
Average |
78.0 |
6.0 |
Table 1.3: Number of offspring and average offspring per daphnid per day in the 100 mg/L concentration up to day 17. On day 19 parent animals started dying, so this values were excluded. T=animal found dead.
Nominal 100 mg/L (analytically <0.01 mg/L) |
||||||||
Daphnid no. |
Day 10 |
Day 12 |
Day 14 |
Day 17 |
Day 19 |
Day 21 |
Σoffspring in 17 days per animal |
Average offspring in/ daphnid/d |
1 |
10 |
19 |
0 |
21 |
T |
|
50 |
6.3 |
2 |
13 |
25 |
0 |
25 |
T |
|
63 |
7.9 |
3 |
5 |
21 |
26 |
0 |
0 |
T/9 |
52 |
6.5 |
4 |
8 |
20 |
0 |
23 |
6 |
T |
51 |
6.4 |
5 |
7 |
26 |
0 |
25 |
T |
|
58 |
7.3 |
6 |
9 |
0 |
24 |
16 |
T |
|
49 |
6.1 |
7 |
6 |
20 |
27 |
11 |
0 |
12 |
64 |
8.0 |
8 |
8 |
23 |
0 |
23 |
T/8 |
|
54 |
6.8 |
9 |
3 |
15 |
23 |
0 |
9 |
T |
41 |
5.1 |
10 |
10 |
5 |
23 |
17 |
T |
|
55 |
6.9 |
Average |
53.7 |
6.7 |
Description of key information
No long-term effects on aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility (OECD 211, D. magna); read-across
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There is no study available assessing the long-term toxicity of the target substance Fatty acids, C16-18, isononyl esters (CAS 91031-57-1) to aquatic invertebrates. Therefore, read-across to the structurally related source substance 2-ethylhexyl oleate (CAS 26399-02-0) was conducted in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5. The source substance is characterized by a similar fatty acid chain length as well as alcohol component and is therefore considered a suitable representative for the assessment of the chronic toxicity of the target substance to aquatic invertebrates. A detailed read-across justification is provided in IUCLID section 13.
The available study was performed according to OECD 202, part 2 (1993, equivalent to OECD 211 for reproduction) and GLP with the freshwater invertebrate D. magna. In a semi-static test, the test item was applied as filtered test solutions of nominal loading rates of 1 and 100 mg/L test item. The analytically determined concentrations were < 0.01 mg/L in both test concentrations. After 21 d, no effects on D. magna were observed at 1 mg/L and 90% mortality was observed at 100 mg/L (on day 19). The authors state that the mortality in the higher concentration could be attributed to sample contamination. Therefore, a NOEC (21 d, mortality) > 1 mg/L (nominal) was reported. Similarly, a 23% reduction in reproduction (number of offspring) in the 100 mg/L sample occurred after 21 days and no effect on reproduction occurred in the 1 mg/L treatment, resulting in a NOEC (21 d, reproduction) > 1 mg/L. Comparing the reproduction up to day 17 in the 100 mg/L sample to the reproduction in the control, no reduction of reproduction was stated.
Based on the structural and chemical similarity of the target and source substance, the target substance is expected to exhibit a similar ecotoxicological profile. Therefore, it can be concluded that Fatty acids, C16-18, isononyl esters (CAS 91031-57-1) will not exhibit long-term effects to aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility.
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