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EC number: 428-650-4 | CAS number: 153719-23-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 20 Sep 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Version / remarks:
- April 1984
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Settled sludge was used
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- 500.0 mg test substance were mixed and made up to 1000 mL with water (stock solution for test concentration 100 mg/L).
- 160 mL of the stock solution were mixed and made up to 500 mL with water (dilution 160 mg/L for test concentration 32 mg/L).
- 50 mL of the stock solution were mixed and made up to 500 mL with water (dilution 50 mg/L for test concentration 10 mg/L).
- 50 mL of dilution 160 mg/L were mixed and made up to 500 mL with water (dilution 16 mg/L for test concentration 3.2 mg/L).
- 50 mL of dilution 50 mg/L were mixed and made up to 500 mL with water (dilution 5 mg/L for test concentration 1 mg/L).
The test solution was freshly prepared at the start of the test. - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source: The sludge was collected from a sewage treatment plant
- pH: The pH after collection was 8.0. The pH of the sludge before use was 8.4.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The preparation was carried out according to the method described in the guideline. The sludge was separated from the aqueous layer by settling instead of centrifugation. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 18 - 22 °C
- pH:
- 8.4 - 8.6 (after 3h)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 1.0, 3.2, 10.0, 32.0 and 100.0 mg/L
- Measured concentrations: no analysis performed (or required) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL BOD flasks with gas inlet
- Aeration: Yes
- No. of vessels per concentration: 1
- No. of vessels per control: 2
- No. of vessels per positive control: 1
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): 1.46 g/L
- Nutrients provided for bacteria: Yes, see 'Nutrient solution' below
- Biomass loading rate: Not reported
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source of dilution water: Dechlorinated drinking water
- Nutrient solution: 16 g Peptone, 11 g Meat extract, 3.0 g Urea, 0.7 g NaCl, 0.4 g CaCl.2H2O, 0.2 g MgSO4.7H2O and 2.8 g K2HPO4 were dissolved and the volume nade up to one liter with dechlorinated drinking water.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Oxygen consumption/h
Oxygen consumption per hour in mg/liter was measured with an ORION - Electrode Type 97-08,ORION Microprocessor Ionalizer 901 and plotted on a recorder. The inhibitory effect of the test substance is expressed as a percentage of the mean respiration rates of two controls.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks on result:
- other: not reported, but determined by the assessor.
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- - Whilst no significant inhibition is observed in the 1, 3.2, 10 and 100 mg/L test vessels, inhibitory effects are observed in the 50 mg/L test vessel. However, as this does not follow a dose-response relationship, this result is not considered relevant. An overview of the results is provided in 'Any other information on results incl. tables'.
- The negative inhibition observed in the 10 and 100 mg/L vessels are a consequence of the comparison of oxygen consumption values obtained in the blank, and the higher oxygen consumption values obtained in the presence of the test substance, which are due to biological variations between the various test samples.
- Although no NOEC was determined in the study report, based on the complete abscence of inhibition of respiration at the highest concentration, it is determined at ≥100 mg/L (by the assessor). - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 3-h EC50 of the reference substance was determined to be 15.8 mg/L.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The inhibitory values were calculated on the basis of the measured time depend oxygen consumption of a Blank and Test solution. The Results (ECxx Values) were determined after calculation of the linear regression.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'.
- Conclusions:
- The 3-h EC50 and EC20 values are >100 mg/L for microorganisms present in activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant. The NOEC is determined to be ≥100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of the substance to microorganisms was investigated in an activated sludge respiration inhibition study according to OECD TG 209 and in compliance with GLP criteria. In this study non-adapted activated sludge from a sewage was exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 0 (control), 1.0, 3.2, 10.0, 32.0, and 100 mg/L for 3 hours. Nominal test concentrations were not analytically verified. The effects on microorganisms was determined by measuring total respiration rates and comparing these to an unexposed control. Whilst no significant inhibition is observed in the 1, 3.2, 10 and 100 mg/L test vessels (-11 to 7 % inhibition), inhibitory effects are observed in the 50 mg/L test vessel (28% inhibition). The negative inhibition is a consequence of the comparison of oxygen consumption values obtained in the blank, and the higher oxygen consumption values obtained in the presence of the test substance, which are due to biological variations between the various test samples. Based on these findings,3-h EC50 and 3-h EC20 values of >100 mg/L were derived. Although no NOEC was derived in the study report, the absence of inhibition of respiration in the highest tested concentration of 100 mg/L justifies the NOEC to be determined at ≥100 mg/L.
Reference
Table: Consumption rate and inhibitory effects of the test substance and reference
Sample |
Conc. [mg/L] |
Consumption rate [mg/L/h] |
Inhibition [%] |
pH |
Blank 1 |
0.0 |
70.6 |
-1 |
8.4 |
Blank 2 |
0.0 |
69.2 |
1 |
8.6 |
Reference 1 |
32.0 |
15.6 |
78 |
8.5 |
Reference 2 |
10.0 |
53.3 |
24 |
8.5 |
Reference 3 |
3.2 |
64.9 |
7 |
8.6 |
Test conc. 1 |
100.0 |
77.8 |
-11 |
8.5 |
Test conc. 2 |
32.0 |
50.0 |
28 |
8.6 |
Test conc. 3 |
10.0 |
72.7 |
-4 |
8.6 |
Test conc. 4 |
3.2 |
64.9 |
7 |
8.6 |
Test conc. 5 |
1.0 |
69.2 |
1 |
8.6 |
Description of key information
No quantitative acute effect value (EC50) can be determined as no ≥50% effect was reached.
The NOEC is ≥100 mg/L in microorganisms in STP sludge, OECD 209, Grade 1996
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
In a valid and reliable GLP study conducted to OECD TG 209 the substance did not inhibit the respiration of activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant processing mainly domestic wastewater. Sludge was exposed to a nominal test concentration of 100 mg/L for a period of 3 hours.
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