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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 235-002-2 | CAS number: 12053-27-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because exposure of humans via inhalation is not likely taking into account the vapour pressure of the substance and/or the possibility of exposure to aerosols, particles or droplets of an inhalable size
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- data waiving: supporting information
Reference
1) Cr2N 10µm
Particle size distribution (PSD):
D (v, 0.1) = 0.98 μm
D (v, 0.5) = 1.98 μm
D (v, 0.9) = 3.38 μm
Dustiness:
- total dustiness (airborne fraction): 12.61 mg/g
Mass median aerodynamic diameter:
- p1 (58.8 %): MMAD1 = 3.70 µm, GSD1 = 1.59
- p2 (41.2 %): MMAD2 = 100 µm, GSD2 = 18.59
Fractional deposition in human respiratory tract (MPPD model, based on calculated MMADs):
Head (ET): 65.16 %
Tracheobronchial (TB): 1.88 %
Pulmonary (PU): 5.32 %
2) Cr2N:
Particle size distribution (PSD)
D (v, 0.5) = 2.59 μm
Dustiness:
- total dustiness (airborne fraction): 4.75 mg/g
Mass median aerodynamic diameter:
- p1 (70.6 %): MMAD1 = 4.15 µm, GSD1 = 1.83
- p2 (29.4 %): MMAD2 = 22.92 µm, GSD2 = 20.00
Fractional deposition in human respiratory tract (MPPD model, based on calculated MMADs):
Head (ET): 67.95 %
Tracheobronchial (TB): 2.52 %
Pulmonary (PU): 7.21 %
The so-called physical particle size distribution (PSD) was obtained by the laser diffraction method in a wet dispersion after ultrasonic treatment for individualisation of the particles and further mechanical stirring. The particle size of the individualised particles is provided.
It is noted that any agglomerates of particles normally existing in the powder were destroyed by (i) the contact with water, (ii) the ultrasonic treatment and (iii) the mechanical stirring. Such agitation of the dry powder does however not occur under intended and foreseeable manufacture and use conditions and is therefore not suitable to deduce the likelihood of inhalation exposure under workplace conditions.
A suitable method for determining the PSD of a dry powder to assess the inhalation potential of airborne dust resulting from the handling of that powder is cascade impactor testing (Dustiness). During the cascade impactor testing, the material gets moderately agitated in a rotating drum (to simulate agitation during typical occupational powder handling activities). A constant airstream directs any generated airborne dust to a cascade impactor in which the particles and their agglomerates get separated according to their size.
The aerodynamic PSD is described as being bimodal.With the given parameters it is possible to calculate the cumulated mass percentage of particles at or below 4 µm. This fraction does however not indicate how much is deposited in the deep lung if such aerosol would be inhaled. Instead, the fractional deposition in the human respiratory tract was calculated using the MPPD model.
Thus, only a sub-fraction of the inhalable material (airborne fraction of ~ 1%) could deposit in the alveoli of the human lung.
Data source
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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