Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 222-248-0 | CAS number: 3396-11-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 8 Dec, 2010 to 21 Dec, 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 011
- Report date:
- 2011
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cesium acetate
- EC Number:
- 222-248-0
- EC Name:
- Cesium acetate
- Cas Number:
- 3396-11-0
- Molecular formula:
- C2H4O2.Cs
- IUPAC Name:
- cesium acetate
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cesium acetate (liquid)
- Physical state: Clear colourless liquid
- Analytical purity: 83%
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in the dark over silica gel
Constituent 1
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
Test system
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 10 µL
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 15 min followed by a post-exposure incubation period of 42 h
- Details on study design:
- -Application of the test substance and rinsing (Day 1): 2 mL of maintenance medium, warmed to approx 37°C, was pipetted into the second column of 3 wells of the 12-well plate. Triplicate tissues were treated with the test substance for an exposure period of 15 min. The test substance was applied topically to the corresponding tissues ensuring uniform covering. 10 µL of the test substance was applied to the epidermis surface. Triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of PBS served as the negative controls and triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of SDS 50% w/v served as the positive controls. To ensure satisfactory contact with the positive control substance the SDS solution was spread over the entire surface of the epidermis using a pipette tip (taking particular care to cover the centre). After 7 min contact time the SDS solution was re-spread with a pipette tip to maintain the distribution of the SDS for the remainder of the contact period. The plate(s) were kept in the biological safety cabinet at room temperature for approx 15 min. At the end of the exposure period, each tissue was removed from the well using forceps and rinsed using a wash bottle containing PBS with Ca++ and Mg++. Rinsing was achieved by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approx 40 sec using a constant soft stream of PBS to gently remove any residual test substance. The rinsed tissues were transferred to the second column of 3 wells containing 2 mL of maintenance medium in each well. The rinsed tissues were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 in air for approx 42 h.
-MTT loading/formazan extraction (Day 3): Following the 42-h post-exposure incubation period each 12-well plate was placed onto a plate shaker for approx 15 min to homogenise the released mediators in the maintenance medium. 1.6 mL of the maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labelled micro tubes and stored in a freezer at -14 to -30°C for possible inflammatory mediator determination. 2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution, freshly prepared in assay medium, was pipetted into the third column of 3 wells of the 12 well plate(s). The tissues were transferred to the MTT filled wells, being careful to remove any excess maintenance medium from the bottom of the tissue insert by blotting on absorbent paper. The tissues were incubated for 3 h at 37°C, 5% CO2 in air. At the end of the 3-h incubation period each tissue was placed onto absorbent paper to dry. A total biopsy of the epidermis was made using the EPISKIN™ biopsy punch. The epidermis was carefully separated from the collagen matrix using forceps and both parts (epidermis and collagen matrix) placed into labelled 1.5 mL micro tubes containing 500 µL of acidified isopropanol, ensuring that both the epidermis and collagen matrix were fully immersed. Each tube was plugged to prevent evaporation and mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer. The tubes were refrigerated at 1 to 10°C until Day 6 of the experiment, allowing the extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues.
-Absorbance/optical density measurements (Day 6): At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer to produce a homogenous coloured solution. For each tissue, duplicate 200 µL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labeled 96-well plate. 200 µL of acidified isopropanol alone was added to the two wells designated as 'blanks'. The optical density was measured (quantitative viability analysis) at 540 nm (without a reference filter).
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 15 minutes
- Value:
- 97.5
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
Quality criteria: The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was ≤40% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the SD value of the percentage viability was ≤18%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied. The mean OD540 for the negative control treated tissues was ≥0.6 and the SD value of the percentage viability was ≤18%. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied. The SD calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically treated tissues was ≤18%. The test substance acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the test substance was considered to be non-irritating to skin.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to evaluate the skin irritation potential of the test substance in brine form according to OECD Guideline 439 and EU Method B.46, in compliance with GLP. Triplicate tissue samples were treated with the substance for an exposure period of 15 min. The tissues were then rinsed before incubating for approximately 42 h. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period, the tissues were taken for MTT Ioading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labelled microtubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT loading, a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into microtubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. At the end of the formazan extraction period, the tubes were mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 µL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labelled 96-well plate. The optical density was measured at 540 nm. The relative mean viability of the treated tissues was 97.9% after the 15 min exposure period. Under the study conditions, the test substance was therefore considered to be non-irritating to skin (Warren, 2011).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.