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EC number: 217-552-5 | CAS number: 1885-38-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Description of key information
Reproductive toxicity:
NOAEL was estimated to be 336.64 mg/kg bw when male and female wistar rats were exposed with (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) orally.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to reproduction
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3 and the QMRF report has been attached.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: As mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Prediction was done using OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3, 2017
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Justification for study design:
- No data available
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of the test material: (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile
- IUPAC name: (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile
- Molecular formula: C9H7N
- Molecular weight: 129.161 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Smiles: N#C\C=C\c1ccccc1 - Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Details on species / strain selection:
- No data available
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No data available
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- No data available
- Details on mating procedure:
- No data available
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Males were exposed for 29 days, i.e. 2 weeks prior to mating, during mating, and up to the day prior to scheduled necropsy. Females were exposed for 43-56 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- Once daily for 7 days per week,
- Details on study schedule:
- No data available
- Dose / conc.:
- 336.64 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- No data available
- Positive control:
- No data available
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- No data available
- Oestrous cyclicity (parental animals):
- No data available
- Sperm parameters (parental animals):
- No data available
- Litter observations:
- No data available
- Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- No data available
- Postmortem examinations (offspring):
- No data available
- Statistics:
- No data available
- Reproductive indices:
- No data available
- Offspring viability indices:
- No data available
- Clinical signs:
- not specified
- Dermal irritation (if dermal study):
- not specified
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- not specified
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- not specified
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not specified
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not specified
- Immunological findings:
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not specified
- Other effects:
- not specified
- Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:
- not specified
- Reproductive function: sperm measures:
- no effects observed
- Reproductive performance:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No toxicologically relevant effects on reproductive parameters were noted.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 336.64 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- mortality
- other: No toxicologically relevant effects on reproductive parameters were noted.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Generation not specified (migrated information)
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- other: not specified
- Organ:
- not specified
- Treatment related:
- not specified
- Dose response relationship:
- not specified
- Relevant for humans:
- not specified
- Clinical signs:
- not specified
- Dermal irritation (if dermal study):
- not specified
- Mortality / viability:
- not specified
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- not specified
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not specified
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Sexual maturation:
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Gross pathological findings:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings:
- not specified
- Other effects:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not specified
- Developmental immunotoxicity:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- 336.64 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Basis for effect level:
- sexual maturation
- body weight and weight gain
- Remarks on result:
- other: No developmental toxic effect was observed
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- System:
- other: not specified
- Organ:
- not specified
- Treatment related:
- not specified
- Dose response relationship:
- not specified
- Relevant for humans:
- not specified
- Reproductive effects observed:
- not specified
- Treatment related:
- not specified
- Relation to other toxic effects:
- not specified
- Dose response relationship:
- not specified
- Relevant for humans:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- NOAEL was estimated to be 336.64 mg/kg bw when male and female wistar rats were exposed with (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) orally.
- Executive summary:
In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using the OECD QSAR toolbox with log kow as the primary descriptor, the reproductive toxicity was estimated for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7).No effect was observed on reproductive parameter . Hence,NOAEL was estimated to be 336.64 mg/kg bw when male and female wistar rats were exposed with (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) orally.
Reference
The
prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following
descriptors: NOAEL
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 7 nearest neighbours
Domain logical expression:Result: In Domain
((((((((("a"
or "b" or "c" or "d" )
and ("e"
and (
not "f")
)
)
and ("g"
and (
not "h")
)
)
and ("i"
and (
not "j")
)
)
and ("k"
and (
not "l")
)
)
and "m" )
and ("n"
and (
not "o")
)
)
and ("p"
and (
not "q")
)
)
and ("r"
and "s" )
)
Domain
logical expression index: "a"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Alkene AND Aryl AND Nitrile by
Organic Functional groups
Domain
logical expression index: "b"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Alkene AND Aryl AND Nitrile AND
Overlapping groups by Organic Functional groups (nested)
Domain
logical expression index: "c"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acetylenic Carbon [#C] AND
Aromatic Carbon [C] AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic
functional groups (US EPA)
Domain
logical expression index: "d"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Aromatic compound by Organic
functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)
Domain
logical expression index: "e"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by
OASIS v.1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "f"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael-type
addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinones OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide Side Chain OR
Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary
Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >>
Quinones OR Non-specific OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA,
due to structural analogy with nucleoside bases OR Non-specific >>
Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with nucleoside
bases >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR Radical OR Radical
>> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion (indirect) OR Radical >>
Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion (indirect) >> Haloalkanes
Containing Heteroatom OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation
OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation (indirect) or direct
radical attack on DNA OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation
(indirect) or direct radical attack on DNA >> Organic Peroxy Compounds
OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Polynitroarenes OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Amino Anthraquinones
OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >>
Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other
Active Groups OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> Quinones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical
>> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and
Thione Derivatives OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically
formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically
formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium
ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium
ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Amino
Anthraquinones OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium
ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >>
Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >>
Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction
and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR
SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation
>> Polynitroarenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions
OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions >> Specific Imine
and Thione Derivatives OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting
epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and
related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting
epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >>
Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated
metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR
SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2
>> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline
Derivatives OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation >>
Alkylphosphates, Alkylthiophosphates and Alkylphosphonates OR SN2 >>
Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR
SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated
carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated
carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or
Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS
v.1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "g"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by
OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "h"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >>
Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >> Isocyanates and
Isothiocyanates >> Isocyanates OR Michael addition OR Michael addition
>> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR
Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl phenols OR Michael addition >> P450
Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR
Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR Michael addition >> P450
Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
Methylenedioxyphenyl OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael
addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >>
Alpha, beta- unsaturated esters OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation
OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation >> Allyl benzenes OR SN1 >> Iminium
Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary
amines OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Aromatic azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic
nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic phenylureas OR SN1
>> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium
Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Unsaturated heterocyclic azo by DNA binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "i"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Non binder, without OH or NH2
group by Estrogen Receptor Binding
Domain
logical expression index: "j"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Moderate binder, NH2 group OR
Moderate binder, OH grooup OR Non binder, impaired OH or NH2 group OR
Non binder, MW>500 OR Non binder, non cyclic structure OR Strong binder,
NH2 group OR Strong binder, OH group OR Very strong binder, OH group OR
Weak binder, OH group by Estrogen Receptor Binding
Domain
logical expression index: "k"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Not known precedent reproductive
and developmental toxic potential by DART scheme v.1.0
Domain
logical expression index: "l"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Alpha aryloxy substituted acetic
acid (9c) OR Known precedent reproductive and developmental toxic
potential OR Non-steroid nucleus derived estrogen receptor (ER) and
androgen receptor (AR) OR Non-steroid nucleus derived estrogen receptor
(ER) and androgen receptor (AR) >> 4-alkylphenol-like derivatives (2b-3)
OR Not covered by current version of the decision tree OR
Organophosphorus compounds (1b) OR
p-tert-Butyl-alpha-methylhydrocinnamic aldehyde (BMHCA)-like chemicals
(9a) by DART scheme v.1.0
Domain
logical expression index: "m"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule
Oasis ONLY
Domain
logical expression index: "n"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Non-Metals by Groups of elements
Domain
logical expression index: "o"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Alkali Earth OR Halogens OR
Metalloids OR Transition Metals by Groups of elements
Domain
logical expression index: "p"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 15
- Nitrogen N by Chemical elements
Domain
logical expression index: "q"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Group 16 - Oxygen O OR Group 16
- Sulfur S by Chemical elements
Domain
logical expression index: "r"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 0.607
Domain
logical expression index: "s"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 3.17
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 336.64 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Data is Klimicsh 2 and from QSAR Toolbox 3.3. (2017)
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Reproductive toxicity
In different studies, (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) has been investigated for reproductive toxicity to a greater or lesser extent. Often are the studies based on in vivo experiments and estimated data in rodents, i.e. most commonly in rats for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7).
In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using the OECD QSAR toolbox with log kow as the primary descriptor, the reproductive toxicity was estimated for (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7).No effect was observed on reproductive parameter . Hence, NOAEL was estimated to be 336.64 mg/kg bw when male and female wistar rats were exposed with (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) orally.
It is supported by experimental study conducted by Atsushi Ono ; Katsumi Kobayashi; Hideki Serizawa; Tomoko Kawamura, Hina Kato, Mariko Matsumoto, Mika Takahashi, Mutsuko Hirata-Koizumi, Yuko Matsushima and Akihiko Hirose (Fundamental toxicological sciences vol.2(4)191-200,2015) on structurally similar read across substance β-bromostyrene (103-64-0),In a Sub-acute repeated dose toxicity study, Sprague Dawley [Crl:CD()SD] male and female rats treated with β-bromostyrene orally by gavage in the concentration of 0, 30, 125 and 500 mg/kg/day. One female rat found dead on Day 3 and Decreases in spontaneous movement during weeks 3 and 4 were observed in male and female rats. No clinical signs were observed in any animal during the recovery period. Significantly increased body weight was observed in female rat on days 17-24 during the dosing period and significant decrease in water consumption was observed in female rats during week 4 of the dosing period a 125 mg/kg/day dose group as compared to control. Significant decreased in food consumption at day 4 were observed in male and female rat in dosing period and in females at days 7 and 14 in recovery period at 500 mg/kg/day and significant increased in food consumption at days 7-21were observed in female rats at 125 mg/kg/day as compared to control. Decreased mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) during dosing and eosinophils in recovery period were observed in male rat and increased Reticulocyte and decreased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) during dosing and increase monocytes at recovery period were observed in female rats and significant increase in total protein level in male and female rats, Ca, P and albumin level and decrease in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine in male rats and significant increased in total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and Cl level in female rats at the end of dosing. Significant increased in triglycerides level was observed in female rats after the recovery period at 500 mg/kg/day. Decrease deactivated partial thromboplastin time and increased fibrinogen level were observed in female rats and significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase level and significant increased in Ca level in male rats and significant increased in total cholesterol, phospholipids level in female rats observed at 125 mg/kg/day as compared to control. Significant increases in urine volume in male and female rats, decrease in urine osmolality and small round epithelial cells in sediments were observed in male rats during week 4 of dosing period at 500 mg/kg/day and significant increases in urine volume and significant decrease in urine osmolality were observed in male rats at 125 mg/lg/day as compared to control. No significant differences were seen in urine volume, osmolality and qualitative measurements for either sex compared with the control groups during week 2 of the recovery period. Significant decrease in landing foot splay and forelimb grip strength was observed in male rats during week 2 of the recovery period. However, it was determined to be incidental because this sign was not observed during week 4 of the dosing period at 500 mg/kg/day. Significant decrease in forelimb grip strength was observed in male rats during week 2 of recovery period. No significant change was observed in any male and female rats receiving the test substance during week 4 of the dosing period. Significant increase in hind limb grip strength was observed in female rats during week 4 of the dosing period at 125 mg/kg/day as compared to control. However, this was not observed in the high dose group. Similarly, Significant increase in absolute and relative liver weight in male and female rats, significant increase in absolute and relative kidney weights and significant decrease in absolute testes weight in male rats and significant increase in relative kidney weights in female rats in dosing period and Significant increase in relative liver and heart weight was observed in female rats at 500 mg/kg/day as compared to control at the end of recovery period. Significant increase in relative liver weight and decrease in brain weight were observed at 125 mg/kg/day in female rats at the end of the recovery period. In addition, excess fluids in the abdominal and thoracic cavities, an enlarged liver, and dark red foci in the glandular stomach and unilateral small thyroids observed in female rat and enlargement of liver was observed in male rats at the end of dosing period. Enlargement of liver was observed in male rats at the end of recovery period in 500 mg/lg/day. Dark red foci in lung in one male rat and dark red foci in the glandular stomach in one female rat were observed at end of the dosing period at 125 mg/kg/day dose group. Minimal to mild degree of eosinophilic bodies in tubular cells, Mild degeneration of renal tubular and minimal hyaline casts in kidneys, minimal to mild centrilobular hypertrophy of hepatocytes in liver and minimal hypertrophy of follicular cells in thyroids were observed in male rats and atrophy of Peyer’s patch in the ileum, dilation of the renal tubes with centrilobular necrosis and congestion in the liver, focal hemorrhage and accumulation of foamy cells in the lung, atrophy of the mesenteric and submandibular lymph nodes, an increase in hematopoiesis and atrophy of white pulp in the spleen, erosion in the glandular stomach, atrophy of the thymus, and a remnant of ultimobranchial bodies in the thyroid were observed in female rats at 500 mg/kg/day as compared to control. Minimal Tubular regeneration, mild to minimal Eosinophilic body in tubular cells interstitial mineralization Kidney and Hypertrophy of follicular cells in thyroid of male rat and Periportal vacuolation of hepatocytes in liver of female rat were observed at the recovery period. Minimal to mild degree of eosinophilic bodies in tubular cells in kidney was observed in male rat and minimal hypertrophy of follicular cells in thyroids was observed in female rats at 125 mg/kg/day as compared to control. No effects were observed on reproductive organs of treated female rats as compared to control. Therefore, NOAEL was considered to be 125 mg/kg/day for male and 500 mg/kg/day for female when Sprague Dawley [Crl:CD()SD] male and female rats treated with β-bromostyrene
It is supported by experimental study conducted by Bryan D. Hardinet.al, (Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis 7 : 2 9 4 (1987)) on structurally similar read across substance Cinnamaldehyde (104-55-2), Reproductive and Development toxicity study of Cinnamaldehyde was performed on female CD1 mice.10animals/dose group were used. All the animals provided with food and water ad libitum. Mice were singly housed in solid-bottom boxes. Nesting material (Bed-0-Cobs, Sani-chip, San-i-cel, or sterilized white wood shavings) was changed once weekly, but no bedding change was made later than gd 17 to avoid disturbing mice near parturition. The study was conducted in two phases: initial dose-finding study followed by a reproductive phase, which employed a single dose level. In both phases treatment was administered by gavage using a standard dosing volume of 10 ml/kg body weight. The test material dissolved in corn oil. For Phase I, test chemical was tested at five dose levels using ten virgin female mice for 8 consecutive days. For the Reproductive phase, the LD10 predicted on the basis of dose-finding results was the single dose 1200mg/kg bw was used. Treatment in the reproductive phase were administered once daily on Gestation day 6-13.
Mice were observed twice daily during treatment, and once daily on gd 14-17. Body weights were again recorded on gd 17.Atthe daily observation, signs of toxicity were recorded. Dead mice were necropsied to exclude dosing error as a cause of death. Beginning on gd 18, mice were observed twice daily for signs of parturition. When delivery was judged to be complete (postnatal day l), the number of live pups was recorded, and live pups were weighed together as a litter, and then returned to the dam. Neither lives nor were dead pups systematically examined for malformations. Two days later (postnatal day 3), live pups were again counted and weighed as a litter, and maternal body weights were recorded. Dams and litters were then discarded. Females that failed to deliver a litter by the presumed gd 22 were killed and uteri were examined. If there was no gross evidence of a failed pregnancy, uteri were placed in 10% ammonium or sodium sulfide to reveal implantation sites as evidence of early termination of pregnancy.
There were no deaths during the study. No treatment-related clinical signs were observed. No changes in body weight and number of viable litter were observed. No effects on live born litters and percentage survival were noted and no treatment-related changes in birth body weight and weight gain were observed. Hence, No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for maternal and neonatal toxicity was considered to be 1200 mg/kg/day. When female CD1 mice were treated with Cinnamaldehyde(104-55-2)orally from gestation day 6-13.
So, based on the above mentioned studies for target substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) and to its read across substance, it was considered that no adverse effects on sexual function and fertility was observed. Therefore, according to CLP criteria, the substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) cannot be classified as reproductive toxicant.
Effects on developmental toxicity
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
Therefore, according to CLP criteria, the substance (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile (1885-38-7) cannot be classified as reproductive toxicant.
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