Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 233-311-7 | CAS number: 10114-47-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- Version / remarks:
- published in O.J. L 142 (2008)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, predominantly domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): secondary effluent of the waste water treatment plant of Pardubice processing predominantly municipal sewage- Laboratory culture: fresh collected waste water was filtered through paper filter, COD was determined and waste water was aerated till using
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2.99 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST SYSTEMThe inoculum contained a mixed population of microorganisms obtained from the secondary effluent of the waste water treatment plant of Pardubice processing predominantly municipal sewage. Preparation of the inoculum:The fresh collected waste water was filtered through paper filter. COD was determined and waste water was aerated till using. Justification of the test system:The inoculum preparation is in conformity with the recommendations of the test guideline.SOLUTIONS AND CHEMICALSThe deionized water with conductivity less than 5 S·cm-1 was used for the preparation of all solutions. The same batch of water was used for each set of the experiments. Analytical grade reagents were used. Stock solutions for the preparation of mineral medium:- Solution a)Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate, (KH2PO4): 8.50 gDipotassium monohydrogen phosphate, (K2HPO4): 21.75 gDisodium monohydrogen phosphate dodekahydrate, (Na2HPO4·12H2O): 67.21 gAmmonium chloride (NH4Cl): 0.50 g Water up to the volume of 1 000 mL. The right composition of medium was checked by the determination of pH value, which must be 7.4.- Solution b) 22.50 g Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, (MgSO4·7H2O) in 1 000 mL of water- Solution c)27.50 g Calcium chloride, anhydrous, (CaCl2) in 1 000 mL of water- Solution d)0.25 g Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, (FeCl3·6H2O) in 1 000 mL of water Preparation of mineral mediumPreparation of 1 litre of mineral medium: 1 mL of solutions a), b), c) and d) were mixed with approx. 500 mL of water, the mixture was replenished with water up to 1 000 mL. The solution was prepared from aerated water. Chemicals for the determination of COD:- Sulfuric acid, (H2SO4) - Silver sulfate, (Ag2SO4) - Ammonium iron(II) sulfate hexahydrate, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O - Potassium dichromate, (K2Cr2O7) - Ferroin solution (C36H24FeN6O4S) - Mercury (II) sulfate, (HgSO4) - Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, (Na2S2O3·5H2O) Chemicals for the determination of BOD:- Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, (KH2PO4) - Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, (K2HPO4) - Disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate), (Na2 HPO4.12H 2O)- Ammonium chloride, (NH4Cl) - Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, (MgSO4.7H2O) - Calcium chloride anhydrous, (CaCl2) - Potassium iodide, (KI) - Starch soluble, (C6H10O5)n - Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, (FeCl3.6H2O) - N-allylthiourea, (C4H8N2S) Chemicals for the determination of nitrites:- Phosphoric acid, (H3PO4) - Sulfanilamide (C6H8N2O2S)- N-(1-Naphtyl) ethylene-diamine dihydrochloride (C12H14N2·2HCl)INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT- oxygen vessels with glass stopper, volume of approx. 280 mL - large glass bottles of 5 and 10 L volume for the preparation and inoculation of medium- closed thermostat- pH meter WTW Inolab pH 730- oximetr WTW Oxi 730 with membrane probe CellOx 325- analytical balance XS 105 DU (Mettler Toledo)- UV/VIS spectrophotometer Helios Alpha- equipment for the determination of nitrite- volumetric flasks, flasks, beakers, pipettes and further common laboratory equipmentPREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS FOR THE TEST Inoculated mediumThe volume of waste water for the inoculation of mineral medium was chosen 1.8 mL per 1 L of medium (COD of waste water: 93 mg/L). 30 L aerated mineral medium was prepared for the test and before the beginning of the test it was inoculated with 54 mL of modified waste water. The pH value of medium: 7.4. Test substance The stock solution of the test substance was prepared in concentration 0.1021 g/L of deionized water. From this stock solution 175.8 mL (29.3 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 6 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.99 mg/L of the test substance. The pH value of solution: 7.5. Reference substanceThe stock solution of sodium benzoate was prepared in concentration 1.0000 g/L of deionized water. From this solution, the 12.6 mL (2.1 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 6 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.10 mg/L of sodium benzoate. The pH value of solution: 7.5. Test substance for nitrification determination The stock solution of the test substance for nitrification determination was prepared in concentration 0.1021 g/L of deionized water. From this solution 117.2 mL (29.3 mL/L) were transferred to a large glass bottle and completed with the inoculated medium to the volume of 4 L. The solution prepared in this way contained 2.99 mg/L of the test substance. Toxicity testThe solution was prepared by dosing 117.2 mL of stock solution of the test substance and 8.4 mL of stock solution of the reference substance into inoculated medium and completed with this medium to the volume of 4 L. The mixture prepared in this way contained 2.99 mg/L of the test substance and 2.10 mg/L of sodium benzoate. Control (blank) determinationThe inoculated mineral medium without test substance was used for the blank determination.TEST CONDITIONS- Temperature: 20 ± 1.0°C - Illumination: no illumination, in the dark- Exposition time: 28 daysTEST PROCEDUREThe number of bottles for individual series: - Test substance series: 2 × 9 bottles with test substance and inoculum- Reference substance series: 2 × 9 bottles with reference substance and inoculum - Blank series: 2 × 9 bottles with inoculated medium only- Toxicity test series: 2 × 5 bottles with test substance, reference substance and inoculum Series for nitrification determination:- 1 × 9 bottles with test substance and inoculumThe prepared dosing solutions for each series was filled in two parallel bottle replicates (except series for nitrification determination). The bottles were placed into thermostat.MEASUREMENTThe first two bottles from each series were immediately submitted to analysis for dissolved oxygen (zero-time) and other bottles were placed in the thermostat. On the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, 17th, 21st, 24th and 28th day of the test, two bottles (parallel replicate) from the test substance series, from the reference substance series and from the blank series were taken off and the same determinations were performed.On the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th day of the test, two bottles from the toxicity test series were taken off and the same determination was performed.The analysis of dissolved oxygen was performed electrochemically using oximeter device (oximeter WTW OXI 730).On the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 14th, 17th, 21st, 24th and 28th day of the test, one bottle from the series for nitrification determination was taken off and the determinations of nitrite-N concentration was carried out by spectrophotometric method.The determination of nitrate-nitrogen concentration was carried out by ion chromatography.
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- see Table 1 and 2
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- In this 28-day study of ready biological degradability, the degradation of 0% of the test substance, Direct Yellow 28, was attained in the end of study.
- Executive summary:
The test substance, Direct Yellow 28, was tested for the ready biological degradability in Closed Bottle Test.
The test was performed according to Method C.4E - Closed Bottle Test, Council Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, published in O.J.L 142, 2008.
The results of biological degradation are related to experimentally determined COD values of the test and reference substance at the beginning of the test. The test substance was sufficiently soluble in used mineral medium so the dosage from the stock solution was carried out. Sodium benzoate was used as the reference substance. The dosage was carried out from the stock solution.
Specific COD of the test substance in medium: 1.136 mg/mg
Specific COD of the reference substance in medium: 1.643 mg/mg
In parallel to the main test the toxicity test was performed. Based on the test substance contains nitrogen in the chemical composition, the oxidized nitrogen forms were determined and the correction for nitrification was carried out. The test was performed at temperature of 20 ± 1°C with the pH values of solutions 7 – 8 at the beginning of the test.
The prescribed validity criteria in the test were fulfilled. The test substance was not inhibiting for the used inoculum. Since all criteria of acceptability were met, this study is considered to be valid.
In this 28-day study of ready biological degradability, the degradation of 0% of the test substance, Direct Yellow 28, was attained in the end of study.
Reference
Description of key information
In the 28 day study of ready biological degradability, the degradation of 0% of the test substance, Direct Yellow 28, was attained in the end of study.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.