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EC number: 200-081-4 | CAS number: 51-17-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the skin sensitization potential of the test chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2). The studies are as mentioned below:
The skin sensitization study was conducted by Magnusson and Kligman method in Dunkin Hartley guinea pig for read across chemical. In test group 20 animals were as in negative control 10 animals were used. In induction phase,1stapplication by intradermal injections of 0.1ml Freund’s complete adjuvant in water, test material 1% w/v in arachis oil, and Freund’s + test material 1% w/v in arachis oil (1:1) was given at 3 different site. The 2ndinduction application given after 1 week as a single occlusive patch of0.2-0.3ml of test material 50% w/w in arachis oil for 48hr .The challenge was given on 21 day after 1stinduction application with concentration 0.1-0.2ml of test material 25 and 10w/w in arachis oil. No reaction were observed in any animals, hence it is considered that the test chemical was not skin sensitizing in guinea pig.
The above result was further supported by a close patch repeated insult dermal sensitization study (modified Buehler test) performed in Hartley albino guinea pig using 5 male and 5 female for another read across chemical. The hair was clipped short before induction and challenge application in each animal. In induction phase test material and positive control agent in 0.3ml volume was applied directly on to the test site and covered with patch (hilltop chamber) and then with by impermeable plastic covered by elastic adhesive bandage for 6hr, extra material form test site was removed. Total 3 exposures were given in a week. After that challenge application was performed in same manner. The chemical 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitro benzene was used as positive control. No sensitization was observed in any treated animal .Hence the test chemical was considered as not skin sensitizing on guinea pigs.
Based on the above summarized studies for target chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) and its structurally and functionally similar read across substances,it can be concluded that the testchemical is unable to cause skin sensitization and considered as non-skin sensitizer. Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP regulation, it can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- experimental data of read across substances
- Justification for type of information:
- Data for the target chemical is summarized based on the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- WoE report is based on 2 skin sensitization studies as- WoE-2 and WoE-3.
Skin sensitization of test chemical was determined by performing tests on guinea pigs. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- other: 1.guinea pig maximisation test 2.
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name of test material: Benzimidazole
Molecular formula: C7H6N2
Molecular weight: 118.1384 g/mol
Smiles notation: c12c(nc[nH]1)cccc2
InChl: 1S/C7H6N2/c12476(31)8597/h15H,(H,8,9)
Substance Type: Organic
Physical State: Solid - Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- other: 1.Dunkin-Hartley 2.Hartley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- 1.not specified
2.Details on test animal
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Hazelcon-dutchland laboratory animals Denver.PA.
- Age at study initiation: No data available
- Weight at study initiation:301-384g
- Housing: No data available
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum):ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum):ad libitum
- Acclimation period: No data available
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): No data available
- Humidity (%):No data available
- Air changes (per hr): No data available
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): No data available
IN-LIFE DATES: From: To: No data available - Route:
- other: 1.intradermal and epicutaneous
- Vehicle:
- arachis oil
- Concentration / amount:
- For intradermal injection 1%w/v
For topical application -0.2-0.3ml of test material 50% w/w in arachis oil - Day(s)/duration:
- 48hr
- Adequacy of induction:
- not specified
- Route:
- other: 2.epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.3ml
- Day(s)/duration:
- 6 hour
- Adequacy of induction:
- not specified
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- other: 2.epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- arachis oil
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.1-0.2ml test material 25 and 10 w/w in arachis oil
- Day(s)/duration:
- No data available
- Adequacy of challenge:
- not specified
- No.:
- #1
- Route:
- other: 2.epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Concentration / amount:
- 0.3mL
- Day(s)/duration:
- not specified
- Adequacy of challenge:
- not specified
- No. of animals per dose:
- 1. Total :30
Test:20
Negative control:10
2.Total :10
Male :5
Female: 5 - Details on study design:
- 1.MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures:2
- Exposure period:48hr
- Test groups:20
- Control group: No data available
- Site: 3 separate site
- Frequency of applications: on 1st day and after 1 week
- Duration: 1week
- Concentrations: For intradermal injection : 1%w/v in arachis oil
For topical application :0.2-0.3ml of test material 50% w/w in arachis oil
OTHER: intradermal injections of 0.1ml Freund’s complete adjuvant in water, test material 1% w/v in arachis oil, and Freund’s + test material 1% w/v in arachis oil (1:1)
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: one
- Day(s) of challenge: After 20 days
- Exposure period: No data available
- Test groups: 20
- Control group: No data available
- Site: No data available
- Concentrations: 0.1-0.2ml of test material 25 and 10 w/w in arachis oil
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): No data available
2.A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures:3
- Exposure period:6hr
- Test groups:10
- Control group: No data available
- Site: No data available
- Frequency of applications: No data available
- Duration: 1week
- Concentrations:0.3ml
CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: No data available
- Day(s) of challenge: No data available
- Exposure period: No data available
- Test groups: 10
- Control group: No data available
- Site: No data available
- Concentrations: 0.3ml
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): No data available - Challenge controls:
- No data available.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 2.1-chloro-2,4-dinitro benzene
- Reading:
- other: 1.1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.1-0.2ml of test material 25 and 10 w/w in arachis oil
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- No sensitization reaction was observed
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- other: 2.1st reading
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.3ml
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- No sensitization reaction was observed
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of skin sensitisation
- Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
- No sensitization reaction was observed
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not sensitizing
- Conclusions:
- The test material Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) was considered to be not sensitizing to the skin of guinea pigs.
- Executive summary:
Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the skin sensitization potential of the test chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2). The studies are as mentioned below:
The skin sensitization study was conducted by Magnusson and Kligman method in Dunkin Hartley guinea pig for read across chemical. In test group 20 animals were as in negative control 10 animals were used. In induction phase,1stapplication by intradermal injections of 0.1ml Freund’s complete adjuvant in water, test material 1% w/v in arachis oil, and Freund’s + test material 1% w/v in arachis oil (1:1) was given at 3 different site. The 2ndinduction application given after 1 week as a single occlusive patch of0.2-0.3ml of test material 50% w/w in arachis oil for 48hr .The challenge was given on 21 day after 1stinduction application with concentration 0.1-0.2ml of test material 25 and 10w/w in arachis oil. No reaction were observed in any animals, hence it is considered that the test chemical was not skin sensitizing in guinea pig.
The above result was further supported by a close patch repeated insult dermal sensitization study (modified Buehler test) performed in Hartley albino guinea pig using 5 male and 5 female for another read across chemical. The hair was clipped short before induction and challenge application in each animal. In induction phase test material and positive control agent in 0.3ml volume was applied directly on to the test site and covered with patch (hilltop chamber) and then with by impermeable plastic covered by elastic adhesive bandage for 6hr, extra material form test site was removed. Total 3 exposures were given in a week. After that challenge application was performed in same manner. The chemical 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitro benzene was used as positive control. No sensitization was observed in any treated animal .Hence the test chemical was considered as not skin sensitizing on guinea pigs.
Based on the above summarized studies for target chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) and its structurally and functionally similar read across substances,it can be concluded that the testchemical is unable to cause skin sensitization and considered as non-skin sensitizer. Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP regulation, it can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
Data available for the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the skin sensitization potential of the test chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2). The studies are as mentioned below:
The skin sensitization study was conducted by Magnusson and Kligman method in Dunkin Hartley guinea pig for read across chemical. In test group 20 animals were as in negative control 10 animals were used. In induction phase,1stapplication by intradermal injections of 0.1ml Freund’s complete adjuvant in water, test material 1% w/v in arachis oil, and Freund’s + test material 1% w/v in arachis oil (1:1) was given at 3 different site. The 2ndinduction application given after 1 week as a single occlusive patch of0.2-0.3ml of test material 50% w/w in arachis oil for 48hr .The challenge was given on 21 day after 1stinduction application with concentration 0.1-0.2ml of test material 25 and 10w/w in arachis oil. No reaction were observed in any animals, hence it is considered that the test chemical was not skin sensitizing in guinea pig.
The above result was further supported by a close patch repeated insult dermal sensitization study (modified Buehler test) performed in Hartley albino guinea pig using 5 male and 5 female for another read across chemical. The hair was clipped short before induction and challenge application in each animal. In induction phase test material and positive control agent in 0.3ml volume was applied directly on to the test site and covered with patch (hilltop chamber) and then with by impermeable plastic covered by elastic adhesive bandage for 6hr, extra material form test site was removed. Total 3 exposures were given in a week. After that challenge application was performed in same manner. The chemical 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitro benzene was used as positive control. No sensitization was observed in any treated animal .Hence the test chemical was considered as not skin sensitizing on guinea pigs.
Based on the above summarized studies for target chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) and its structurally and functionally similar read across substances,it can be concluded that the testchemical is unable to cause skin sensitization and considered as non-skin sensitizer. Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP regulation, it can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.
Respiratory sensitisation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
The skin sensitization potential of test substance Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) and its structurally and functionally similar read across substanceswere observed in various studies. From the results obtained from these studies it is concluded that the chemical Benzimidazole (CAS No: 51-17-2) is not likely to cause skin sensitization and hence can be classified as non-skin sensitizer.
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