Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 234-829-6 | CAS number: 12035-72-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific standards, well documented and acceptable for publication.
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Phagocytosis of particulate nickel compounds by rat peritoneal macrophages in vitro
- Author:
- Kuehn K, Fraser CB, Sunderman FW
- Year:
- 1 982
- Bibliographic source:
- Carcinogenesis. 3(3):321-326
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Physicochemical properties and phagocytosis.
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Rat peritoneal macrophages were exposed to 17 different nickel compounds in order to examine their susceptibility to phagocytosis.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Trinickel disulphide
- EC Number:
- 234-829-6
- EC Name:
- Trinickel disulphide
- Cas Number:
- 12035-72-2
- Molecular formula:
- Ni3S2
- IUPAC Name:
- (trinickel-1-ylidene)-1λ⁴-disulfene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): alpha-Ni3S2
- Physical state: rhombohedral crystal form
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
The phagocytic index for Ni3S2 was 28.4 ± 6.3 %. Overall, there was a significant rank correlation between phagocytic index and previously published dissolution half-times for the various nickel compounds in rat serum, i.e. an inverse relationship between solubility and phagocytic propensity. However, Ni3S2 was a notable exception, which was readily phagocytized despite having the shortest dissolution half-time (34 days). The authors also compared the rank phagocytic index with preliminary carcinogenicity data and found no significant correlation.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The authors stated that it was too soon to draw conclusions about the hypothetical relationship between carcinogenicity of particulate nickels and susceptibilities to phagocytosis by macrophages.
- Executive summary:
Kuehn et al. (1982) examined the ability of rat peritoneal macrophages to phagocytize 17 nickel compounds, including αNi3S2 (rhombohedral heazlewoodite), in vitro. Additional compounds of interest included NiO and amorphous NiS. Monolayer cultures were established by aliquoting 6 × 105 macrophages onto slides, allowing 2 hours for attachment, followed by rinsing, resulting in about 6 × 104 cells per monolayer. For each experiment, one monolayer was used for measuring viability by Trypan blue exclusion, one monolayer was used for measuring the percentage of cells exhibiting background phagocytosis, and a third monolayer was used to measure the percentage of cells exhibiting phagocytosis. The latter two monolayers were exposed to 2 μg/mL of each compound for 1 min and 1 hour, respectively. Phagocytic index was then computed by subtracting the number of cells with particles in the longer exposure from the number of cells with particles in the shorter exposure. In this analysis, the phagocytic index for Ni3S2 was 28.4 ± 6.3%. Overall, there was a significant rank correlation between phagocytic index and previously published dissolution half-times for the various nickel compounds in rat serum, i.e. an inverse relationship between solubility and phagocytic propensity. However, Ni3S2 was a notable exception, which was readily phagocytized despite having the shortest dissolution half-time (34 days). The authors also compared the rank phagocytic index with preliminary carcinogenicity data and found no significant correlation. The authors stated that there were not enough data to draw conclusions about the hypothetical relationship between carcinogenicity of particulate nickels and susceptibilities to phagocytosis by macrophages. STUDY RATED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.