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EC number: 202-851-5 | CAS number: 100-42-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented publication meeting basic scientific principles.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Human exposure to styrene. IV Percutaneous absorption in human volunteers.
- Author:
- Berode, M. et al.
- Year:
- 1 985
- Bibliographic source:
- Int Arch Occup Environ Health 55: 331-336
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- European risk assessment report, Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007.
- Author:
- European Union
- Year:
- 2 007
- Bibliographic source:
- Styrene CAS No. 100-42-5, EINECS No. 202-851-5, Draft for submission to SCHER, November 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Determination of dermal absorption rate of styrene in humans: Nine male volunteers were exposed for 10 to 30 min by dipping one hand in liquid styrene. Urine and breath samples were analysed for styrene and styrene metabolite contents.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Styrene
- EC Number:
- 202-851-5
- EC Name:
- Styrene
- Cas Number:
- 100-42-5
- Molecular formula:
- C8H8
- IUPAC Name:
- ethenylbenzene
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): styrene
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: no data - Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- human
- Strain:
- other: not applicable
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Age of the nine male volunteers: between 21 and 42
For two of the volunteers, the hand exposure was repeated three times with a time interval of at least one month between each experiment.
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- other: full hand dipping
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Duration of exposure:
- 10-30 min
- Doses:
- undiluted liquid styrene
- No. of animals per group:
- 9
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- DOSE PREPARATION
- Method for preparation of dose suspensions: undiluted liquid styrene
APPLICATION OF DOSE:
full hand dipping
VEHICLE
none
TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 400 - 740 cm2
SAMPLE COLLECTION
- Collection of urine: during exposure and up to 24 h thereafter
- Collection of expired air: during exposure and up to 1h thereafter
ANALYSIS
- Method type(s) for identification: GC
Results and discussion
- Signs and symptoms of toxicity:
- no effects
- Remarks:
- no effects of toxicity mentioned in the report
- Dermal irritation:
- no effects
- Remarks:
- no skin irritation mentioned in the report
- Absorption in different matrices:
- The mean rate of absorption was 60 µg / cm2 / h
Any other information on results incl. tables
Unfortunately, the protocol used does not facilitate the calculation of the percentage of the dose absorbed.
Table1: Exposure conditions and cumulative results
Volunteer No. |
Duration (min) |
Exposed area (cm2) |
Cumulated metabolites (µmol) |
2-h pulmonary excretion (µmol) |
Total excreted (µmol) |
|
MA |
PGA |
|||||
1 |
15 |
700 |
96.7 |
52.7 |
5.1 |
154.5 |
2 |
15 |
500 |
82.2 |
31.3 |
4.0 |
117.3 |
3 |
15 |
500 |
64.4 |
44.7 |
3.3 |
112.4 |
4* |
10 |
445 |
29.6 |
43.3 |
- |
77.1 |
4 |
15 |
535 |
40.8 |
26.7 |
2.2 |
69.7 |
4 |
15 |
500 |
34.0 |
88.7 |
5.8 |
128.5 |
5* |
15 |
400 |
53.3 |
42.7 |
- |
100.2 |
5 |
15 |
590 |
60.5 |
68.7 |
4.1 |
133.3 |
5 |
15 |
500 |
48.0 |
98.7 |
4.9 |
151.6 |
6 |
15 |
445 |
23.0 |
12.0 |
1.8 |
36.8 |
7 |
15 |
740 |
28.9 |
72.7 |
2.7 |
104.3 |
8 |
30 |
570 |
50.6 |
108.0 |
6.9 |
165.5 |
9 |
30 |
510 |
40.8 |
92.7 |
5.4 |
138.9 |
* Total amount calculated with the mean of the 2 hours pulmonary excretion: 4.2 µmol
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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