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EC number: 220-688-8 | CAS number: 2867-47-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 23.94 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) with substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 18
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 643 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 431 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Correction for rat standard breathing volume, 8 hrs (ECHA R.8, 2012): 0.38 m³/kg
Correction for activity driven differences of respiratory volumes in workers compared to workers in rest (10 m3/6.7 m3) is required (ECHA R.8, 2012): 6.7 m3/10 m3
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is reliable. No adjustment is required.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is based on a sub-acute study. ECHA specifies the AF for extrapolation from sub-acute to chronic with 6.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No allometric scaling rat to humans as intraspecies adjustment is accounted for in relative breathing volumes (ECHA R.8, 2012)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Known and widely scientifically accepted mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) metabolising methacrylates in the same way in all vertebrate species. All methacrylates are metabolized to methacrylic acid and the corresponding alcohol. These metabolites are broken down via physiological metabolic pathways. Hence, the AF of 1 is sufficient.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 3
- Justification:
- Known mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) makes a lower variability likely, hence the AF of 3 is sufficiently conservative.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- The key study is of high quality, being rated K2. No adjustment is required.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There is no further assessment factor needed for remaining uncertainties, because all of them are addressed by the AFs above.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 47.87 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) and substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 9
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
- Value:
- 431 mg/m³
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 3
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Concerning inhalation, rodents like the rat are in general more sensitive compared to human as the rat’s ventilation frequency is higher. Also anatomical differences as well as air flow patterns between rodents and human have to be taken into account.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 3
- Justification:
- Systemic effects in the repeated dose study with rats were minimal and restricted to slow body weight gain probably due to local irritation of nose and eyes. Especially for irritation of the respiratory epithelium rodents like the rat are more sensitive than humans.
Furthermore, based on the results from the repeated dose inhalation study and from other toxicity studies the test substance is considered to be a local irritant without much specific systemic toxicity, and not much variation of the irritant effect in human workers is expected. Therefore, an assessment factor of 3 for intraspecies variations is considered to be sufficient. - AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 8.3 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) with substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 24
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Oral to dermal extrapolation is performed as explained in ECHA R. 8, 2012.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is reliable. No adjustment is required.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is based on a sub-chronic study. ECHA specifies the AF for extrapolation from sub-chronic to chronic with 2.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Allometric scaling rat to humans (ECHA R.8, 2012)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Known and widely scientifically accepted mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) metabolising methacrylates in the same way in all vertebrate species. All methacrylates are metabolized to methacrylic acid and the corresponding alcohol. These metabolites are broken down via physiological metabolic pathways.
Hence, the AF of 1 is sufficient. - AF for intraspecies differences:
- 3
- Justification:
- Known mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) makes a lower variability likely, hence the AF of 3 is sufficiently conservative.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- The key study is of high quality, being rated K1. No adjustment is required.)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There is no further assessment factor needed for remaining uncertainties, because all of them are addressed by the AFs above.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 21.43 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) with substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 30
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 643 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 643 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
According to ECHA guidance (2012), the modification of the dose descriptor starting point is not necessary for DNEL derivation for general population inhalation.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is reliable. No adjustment is required.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is based on a sub-acute study. ECHA specifies the AF for extrapolation from sub-acute to chronic with 6.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No allometric scaling rat to humans as intraspecies adjustment is accounted for in relative breathing volumes (ECHA R.8, 2012)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Known and widely scientifically accepted mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) metabolising methacrylates in the same way in all vertebrate species. All methacrylates are metabolized to methacrylic acid and the corresponding alcohol. These metabolites are broken down via physiological metabolic pathways. Hence, the AF of 1 is sufficient.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Known mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) makes a lower variability likely, hence the AF of 3 is sufficiently conservative.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- The key study is of high quality, being rated K2. No adjustment is required.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There is no further assessment factor needed for remaining uncertainties, because all of them are addressed by the AFs above.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- irritation (respiratory tract)
- Route of original study:
- By inhalation
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) with substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 40
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Oral to dermal extrapolation is performed as explaining in ECHA R8, 2012.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is reliable. No adjustment is required.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is based on a sub-chronic study. ECHA specifies the AF for extrapolation from sub-chronic to chronic with 2.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Allometric scaling rat to humans (ECHA R.8, 2012)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Known and widely scientifically accepted mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) metabolising methacrylates in the same way in all vertebrate species. All methacrylates are metabolized to methacrylic acid and the corresponding alcohol. These metabolites are broken down via physiological metabolic pathways. Hence, the AF of 1 is sufficient.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Known mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) makes a lower variability likely, hence the AF of 3 is sufficiently conservative.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- The key study is of high quality, being rated K1. No adjustment is required.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There is no further assessment factor needed for remaining uncertainties, because all of them are addressed by the AFs above.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 12.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- other: ECHA (2012) with substance-specific adaptations
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 40
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Modification of the dose descriptor starting point is not necessary since it originates from an oral rat study.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is reliable. No adjustment is required.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- The NOAEL is based on a sub-chronic study. ECHA specifies the AF for extrapolation from sub-chronic to chronic with 2.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Allometric scaling rat to humans (ECHA R.8, 2012)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Known and widely scientifically accepted mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) metabolising methacrylates in the same way in all vertebrate species. All methacrylates are metabolized to methacrylic acid and the corresponding alcohol. These metabolites are broken down via physiological metabolic pathways. Hence, the AF of 1 is sufficient.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Known mode of action involving ubiquitous and non-specific enzyme systems (carboxylesterases, tricarboxylic acid cycle) makes a lower variability likely, hence the AF of 3 is sufficiently conservative.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- The key study is of high quality, being rated K1. No adjustment is required.
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There is no further assessment factor needed for remaining uncertainties, because all of them are addressed by the AFs above.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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