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EC number: 921-577-3 | CAS number: 1174918-60-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There were no genetic toxicity studies identified hydrocarbons C5. The following read-across genotoxicity studies were identified for n-pentane and/or 2-methylbutane: two in vitro gene mutation studies in bacteria; an in vitro cytogenicity in mammalian cells or micronucleus study; and an in vivo mutagenicity test. Details regarding these studies are presented below.
There were two read-across in vitro gene mutation studies in bacteria identified, one conducted with n-pentane and another conducted with 2-methylbutane. For n-pentane,strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98, TA100, and TA1538) ofS. typhimurium exposed to n-pentane at concentrations of 50, 25, 10, 8, 5, 2, or 1% in the presence and absence of mammalian metabolic activation using a modified standard plate test (Kirwin, 1980). n-Pentane was not found to be mutagenic at any concentration in both the presence and absence of S9 mix. In a similar study, the same strains ofS. typhimurium exposed to 2-methylbutane in the presence and absence of mammalian metabolic activation (Kirwin, 1980). Like n-pentane, 2-methylbutane was not found to be mutagenic.
An in vitro gene mutation assay in mammalian cells was conducted with n-pentane (Pryzgoda, 1997). In this study,Chinese hamster ovary cells were exposed to n-pentane (97.4% a.i., batch 2036924) at concentrations of 600, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, or 1500 μg/mL, +S9, and 300, 600, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, or 1100 μg/mL, -S9, for 20 hours (initial and confirmatory assay) and 44 hours (confirmatory assay). The test material did not induce any biologically significant increase in chromosome aberrations in cultured CHO cells with or without metabolic activation under the conditions of this study. Positive, vehicle, and non-treated controls performed in an appropriate manner, indicating that the test system could detect both activation-dependent and direct-acting clastogens.
In a Crl: CDBR rat bone marrow micronucleus assay, 5 animals/sex/dose were administered n-pentane via inhalation at nominal doses of 0; 5000; 10,000; or 20,000 mg/m3 (Pryzgoda, 1997). Rats were exposed to either n-pentane or air (control) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. Actual doses received were 5097±97; 10,203±151; and 20,483±734 mg/m3. n-Pentane did not induce an increase in micronuclei formation at any exposure level when compared to the control group. n-Pentane was tested at an adequate dose because the high dose was half of the lower explosive limit and was the highest dose considered safe to test. The positive control induced the appropriate response.
Based on the lack of observed mutagenic effects in in vitro and in vivo studies with n-pentane or 2-methylbutane, it can be inferred that hydrocarbon C5 is not mutagenic. Based on these findings, hydrocarbons C5 does not meet the EU criteria for classification and labelling (Dangerous Substances Directive 67/548/EEC and CLP EU Regulation 1272/2008) for mutagenicity.
Short description of key information:
There were no genetic toxicity studies identified hydrocarbons C5. The following read-across genotoxicity studies were identified for n-pentane and/or 2-methylbutane: in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (OECD 471 and ECC B. 13/14 for n-pentane; OECD 471 for 2-methylbutane); in vitro cytogenicity in mammalian cells or micronucleus study (EU Method B.10); and other in vivo mutagenicity test (EU Method B.12). All genetic toxicity tests, both in vitro and in vivo, were negative.
Endpoint Conclusion: No adverse effect observed (negative)
Justification for classification or non-classification
All in vitro genetic toxicity studies (i. e., gene mutation studies in bacteria and cytogenicity studies in mammalian cells) from n-pentane and 2 -methylbutane, structural analogues to hydrocarbons C5, showed negative results. In vivo mouse micronucleus studies with n-pentane also produced no evidence of mutagenic effects. Based on the weight of evidence, hydrocarbons C5 is unlikely to be mutagenic and does not meet the criteria for classification and labelling as described inEU Dangerous Substances Directive 67/548/EEC or CLP EU Regulation 1272/2008.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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