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EC number: 210-323-0 | CAS number: 612-83-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Phototransformation in water
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Short and sometimes insufficient description of experimental details (e.g. intensitiy of UV-light applied not given), but overall solid experimental work with plausilbe results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other company data
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 993
- Report date:
- 1993
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- other: Photodegradation
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A solution of 3,3´-Dichlorobenzidine (2.3 µg/mL) was prepared in 0.05 molar phosphate buffer pH 6.9. The 3,3´-Dichlorobenzidine solution was exposed to direct sunlight and long wave UV light( UV light Products Inc. Mineral Lamp) in an open beaker at different time intervals. The DCB solution was also exposed to normal day light in the laboratory (in the presence of fluorescent light, but no direct sunlight). The amount of DCB, MCB and benzidine was measured directly by HPLC.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine
- EC Number:
- 202-109-0
- EC Name:
- 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine
- Cas Number:
- 91-94-1
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diamine
- Details on test material:
- not given
Constituent 1
Study design
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- Light source:
- sunlight
Duration of test at given test conditionopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 10 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
- Duration:
- 20 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
- Duration:
- 60 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
- Duration:
- 90 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
- Duration:
- 120 min
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.3 other: µg/L
Results and discussion
Spectrum of substance
- Parameter:
- not specified
% Degradationopen allclose all
- % Degr.:
- 96
- Sampling time:
- 90 min
- Test condition:
- sunlight
- % Degr.:
- 47
- Sampling time:
- 90 min
- Test condition:
- long wave UV
- % Degr.:
- > 99
- Sampling time:
- 120 min
- Test condition:
- sun light
- % Degr.:
- 57
- Sampling time:
- 120 min
- Test condition:
- long wave UV
Any other information on results incl. tables
3,3´-dichlorobenzidine (DCB) is degraded by sunlight and UV. The reaction products include 3-chlorobenzidine (MCB), benzidine and several unidentified colored compounds.
The sample exposed to fluorescent light in the lab for three hours did not show any measurable decomposition . The samples exposed to sunlight and UV light source degraded rapidly. The results show that the decomposition is faster in direct sunlight than under the UV Lamp. After 2 hours exposure to sunlight more than 99% of the DCB decomposed, compared to 57% decomposition under the UV Lamp.
The amount of benzidine formed is time dependant. After 20 minutes in the sun, benzidine accounts for about 4.5% of the products. After 90 minutes the amount of benzidine increased to 10.9%, and after 150 minutes it decreased to 2.8%. The results suggest that benzidine itself is photodegraded, but at a slower rate than DCB. A similar pattern is observed with MCB but its decompositon is faster than that of benzidine.
Based an these results the order of photodecomposition rate is:
DCB >> MCB > benzidine.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- 3,3´-dichlorobenzidine (DCB) in aqueous solution at pH 6.9 photodegrades rapidly (70% in 10 min.) in direct sunlight to form colored products. Transient formation of monochlorobenzidine and benzidine also occurs. The highest amount of benzidine was found after 60 to 90 minutes in sunlight (10% of the products). After 2 hours in sunlight the benzidine level decreased to 3% . Photodegradation of DCB in aqueous solution did not occur in the absence of direct sunlight.
- Executive summary:
In a sufficiently well documented study with plausible results (reliable with restrictions, reliability category 2)
3,3´-dichlorobenzidine was tested for phototransformation in water by exposure to direct sunlight or UV-light and tracing of decomposition products by HPLC.
3,3´-dichlorobenzidine is the base of the submission substance 3,3´-Dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride. Thus the experimental results seen in this test are directly transferable to the submission substance.
3,3´-dichlorobenzidine (DCB) in aqueous solution at pH 6.9 photodegrades rapidly (70% in 10 min.) in direct sunlight to form coloured products. Transient formation of monochlorobenzidine and benzidine also occurs. The highest amount of benzidine was found after 60 to 90 minutes in sunlight (10% of the products). After 2 hours in sunlight the benzidine level decreased to 3% . Photodegradation of DCB in aqueous solution did not occur in the absence of direct sunlight.
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