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EC number: 401-680-5 | CAS number: 125304-04-3 TINUVIN 171; TINUVIN 571
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 24.08. - 27.08-1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study, GLP. The coefficient of analysis of the daily growth rate in the control replicates and the coefficient of analysis of the average specific growth rates in the control replicates were not reported.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- OECD guideline study, GLP. The coefficient of analysis of the daily growth rate in the control replicates and the coefficient of analysis of the average specific growth rates in the control replicates were not reported. The effects are based on biomass instead of growth rate.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Water samples were taken from the solvent control and each test group (replicates R1 - R3 and R4 - R6 pooled) at 0 and 72 hours
for quantitative analysis.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: storage at ambient temperatures in light and dark conditions for approximately 72 hours. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
For the purpose of the definitive study the test material was prepared using a preliminary solution in 1% v/v Tween 80-tetrahydrofuran. An amount of test material (500 mg) was dissolved in solvent and the volume adjusted to 10 mL to give a 500 mg/10 mL solvent stock solution. An aliquot (200 µL) of this solvent stock solution was dispersed in 2 litres of algal suspension to give the required test concentration of 5.0 mg/L.
- Controls: A solvent control (containing 100 µL solvent per litre) and an untreated control were prepared.
- Chemical name of vehicle: Tween 80-dimethylformamide
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: 5 % v/v
- Evidence of undissolved material: at concentrations in excess of 5 mg/L. there was a marked precipitation of the test material on addition of the solvent stock solution to culture medium. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green algae
- Strain: CCAP 276/20
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Culture Centre for Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Ferry House, Ambleside, Cumbria.
- Age of inoculum: At initiation of the study the culture contained a nominal cell density of 10E4 cells per mL.
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions: same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 24 °C
- pH:
- 8.0 at the beginning and 10.1 - 10.3 at the end
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 5 mg/L
mean measured: 3.56 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass conical flasks
- Type: the flasks were covered with aluminium foil
- Fill volume: 100 mL
- Aeration: constant
- Initial cells density: 2.47x10E4 cells/mL (nominal: 10E4 cells/mL)
- Control end cells density: 1.53x10E6 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH of each control, solvent control and test flask was determined at initiation of the study and after 72 hours exposure. The temperature within the incubator was recorded daily.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: approximately 7000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
- Determination of cell concentrations: from samples at at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours, using counting chamber
- Chlorophyll measurement: no
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: The use of a limit test is in agreement with the current EEC Test Guidelines.
- Range finding study
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
The results of the initial range-finding study showed no significant effect on grovdh at the concentrations of 1.0 and 10 mg/L. The small reduction in the cell density after 72 hours for the 10 mg/L test group as compared to the solvent control is not considered to be significant given that the test material was present in the test vessels as a cloudy dispersion above the limit of water solubility for the test material under these test conditions. Additional solubility work conducted showed that the highest attainable test concentration that resulted in a solution of the test material under these test conditions was 5 mg/L and therefore a second rangefinding study was conducted at this concentration. The results of the second range-finding study showed no effect on growth at the test concentration of 5 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 3.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Unusual cell shape: not observed
- Colour differences: not observed
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: At concentrations in excess of 5.0 mg/L. there was a marked
precipitation of the test material on addition of the solvent stock
solution to culture medium.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
There is a high probability that the product is not harmful to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The toxicity to algae was assessed in two tests according to OECD guideline 201. In the first test Scenedesmus subspicatus was exposed to the test item at nominal concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/L. The ErC50 based on nominal test concentrations was determined to be > 10 mg/L, the NOEC was determined to be 1 mg/L (ABC Inc. 1993). In the second study Scenedesmus subspicatus was exposed to the test item at a nominal concentration of 5 mg/L. The EbC50 based on measured test concentrations was determined to be > 3.5 mg/L the NOEC was determined to be >= 3.5 mg/L (Safepharm Laboratories, 1995). All values are clearly above the water solubility of the compound (0.13 µg/L). In conclusion, no effects on algae could be recorded up to the water solubility.
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