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EC number: 469-500-8 | CAS number: 857035-95-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 04 December 2006 to 28 June 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: compliant to GLP and testing guideline; adequate coherence between data, comments and conclusions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): R0054002C, synonym IMEXINE OBH
- Physical state: beige to yellow powder
- Purity: 99.7%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): not indicated
- Purity test date: 20 July 2006
- Lot/batch No.: R0054002C 013 L 001, synonym 0604070001
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 01 August 2007
- Stability under test conditions: not indicated
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature and under nitrogen gas
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- At T0 hour, samples were taken from each test solution before addition of algae, except for the control.
At T24, T48 and T72 hours, samples were taken from all test replicates at each concentration (except for the control), pooled by concentration. Before analysis, these samples containing algae were centrifuged and the supernatant was analyzed separately to verify the test item concentration in solution throughout the test.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- Strain No.: CCAP 278/4.
Species commonly used in Europe for aquatic toxicity testing and recommended in OECD and EEC guidelines.
Origin: Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), SAMS Research Services Ltd, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Dunbeg, OBAN, Argyll PA37 1QA, Scotland.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 35.7 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- between: 21.8°C and 22.2°C
- pH:
- pH: 5.87 to 8.37
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not measured
- Salinity:
- Not measured
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 2.47, 7.41, 22.2, 66.7, 200 and 600 mg/L nominal corresponding respectively to 0.730, 0.910, 3.40, 5.00, 108 and 315 mg/L espressed as geometric means of measured concentrations.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test water: reconstituted water (OECD medium). Four primary stock solutions were made up every month and sterilized by autoclaving or filtration. The final culture medium, prepared from these four stock solutions, has a stock life of one week (at +4°C away from light). Before use, its pH was verified at 8.1 ± 0.1 or adjusted until this pH was obtained. The hardness of this medium is approximately 34 ± 17 mg/L as CaCO3.
Temperature: controlled daily in a flask containing test water but no algae, run alongside the test. Between 21°C and 24°C and did not vary by more than ± 2°C during the test.
Illumination: continuous. The light intensity was approximately 7000 lux. The number of lux received by each culture flask was specified in the raw data.
Duration of test: 72 hours.
Transfer: the number of cells in the algal pre-culture was counted and the quantity of pre-culture to be added to the test solutions was calculated to give a concentration of 1 x 104 cells/mL. The algal pre-culture was then added where appropriate to the 100 mL test solutions and all the 250 mL conical flasks stoppered with sterile cotton wool wrapped with lint and transferred to the agitator.
Culture homogeneity: the solutions were agitated throughout the test.
pH: between 6± 0.2 and 9± 0.2 in all test item solutions after pH adjustement when relevant ( i.e. < 5.8 or > 9.2) .
Hardness: measured once in OECD reconstituted water before the start of the test.
Forced aeration: not used during the test but the cultures were constantly agitated. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 84.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 72 h: 66.8 - 106 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 21.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- other: Yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 72 h: 17.2 - 27.2 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- dissolved
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth rate and yield
- Details on results:
- According to the results in the test solutions, it was demonstrated that the test item induced an important inhibition algal growth from 22.2 mg/L nominal. This inhibition was due for one part to the reduction of the light intensity by the test item. This impact of light absorption by the test item became statistically significant at the highest concentration (i.e. 600 mg/L nominal).
After 72 hours, inhibition of growth rate in the test solution at 600 mg/L nominal minus inhibition of growth rate in the control solution with shading by this test solution was > 10%. The same effect was observed after 72 hours for inhibition of yield.
As inhibitions of growth rate and yield observed were therefore due to a combined impact of shading effect and inherent toxic effect, toxicity endpoints were based on inhibition of algal growth in test solutions. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC50 72 h (potassium dichromate) = 1.18 mg/L
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a 72-hour algal growth inhibition test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, the EC50 (calculated from geometric means of measured concentrations) of IMEXINE OBH, was 84.6 mg/L based on average specific growth rate (ErC50) and 21.5 mg/L based on yield (EyC50).
The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 3.40 mg/L (geometric mean of measured concentrations).
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