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EC number: 616-995-5 | CAS number: 8018-01-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1986
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Reliability 1
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA 163-1
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- batch equilibrium method
- Media:
- soil
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- labelled at one ethylene carbon
- Test temperature:
- 25.6 °C
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC)
- Details on sampling:
- Advanced test
-Concentrations:
0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 ppm
LOD 0.01 ppm per 50 g sample - Matrix no.:
- #4
- Matrix type:
- clay loam
- % Clay:
- 28
- % Silt:
- 50
- % Sand:
- 22
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.5
- pH:
- 7.4
- CEC:
- 12.9 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #3
- Matrix type:
- silt loam
- % Clay:
- 20
- % Silt:
- 66
- % Sand:
- 14
- % Org. carbon:
- 2
- pH:
- 6.4
- CEC:
- 9.6 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #2
- Matrix type:
- sandy loam
- % Clay:
- 12
- % Silt:
- 10
- % Sand:
- 78
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.6
- pH:
- 5.9
- CEC:
- 5.7 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Matrix no.:
- #1
- Matrix type:
- sand
- % Clay:
- 4
- % Silt:
- 8
- % Sand:
- 88
- % Org. carbon:
- 0.5
- pH:
- 5.7
- CEC:
- 3.5 meq/100 g soil d.w.
- Details on matrix:
- Matrix#1: Georgia, Log number 85E373
Matrix#2: Georgia, Log number 85E372
Matrix#3: Pennsylvania, Log number 85E655
Matrix#4: Mississippi, 85E416
Soil moisture content (% of wet soil):
Soil 1: 0.57
Soil 2: 0.96
Soil 3: 14.45
Soil 4: 8.85 - Details on test conditions:
- -Adsorption
All test vials were shaken by hand to assure good mixing of the soil and solution, and placed on an orbital shaker in horizontal position inside a dark incubator. Samples were shaken at approximately 225 RPM at a temperature of 25.6 °C. The adsorption phase of the experiment lasted 24 hours after which samples were removed from the shaker and were spun at 1000 RPM for 6 - 9 minutes. The supernatants were decanted, measured and two 100 µL aliquots taken for LSC counting. Supernatants were then stored frozen.
-Desorption:
Soil bound Dithane was desorbed 4 times into fresh 0.01M CaCl2 solution. After the adsorption supernatant was decanted, 30 mL 0.01M CaCl2 was dispensed into each test vial and the vials were placed back on the shaker. This was designated time 0 of the desorption phase. Desorption periods ended at 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours. At the end of each period, the samples were removed from the shaker, centrifuged, decanted, allquoted for LSC, fresh 0.01M CaCl2 dispensed to each test vial and returned to shaker as described. Note that during the time samples were off the shaker the "clock was stopped." After the final desorption supernatant was decanted, the test vials containing remaining wet soil were frozen along with the adsorption and desorption supernatants.
-Mass balance
Material balance was calculated for both the test vials without soil (blanks) and test vials containing soils. The material balance for the test compound In blanks, used to assess the compound's adsorption onto test vial walls, was computed for all concentrations. - Key result
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 9.74 L/kg
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: mean Kd
- Key result
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 771 L/kg
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: mean Koc
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 675 L/kg
- pH:
- 7.4
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #4
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.5
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 363 L/kg
- pH:
- 6.4
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #3
- % Org. carbon:
- 2
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 618 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.9
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #2
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.6
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 2 334 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.7
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #1
- % Org. carbon:
- 0.5
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 10.13 L/kg
- pH:
- 7.4
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #4
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.5
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 7.26 L/kg
- pH:
- 6.4
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #3
- % Org. carbon:
- 2
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 9.89 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.9
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #2
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.6
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 11.67 L/kg
- pH:
- 5.7
- Temp.:
- 25.6 °C
- Matrix:
- #1
- % Org. carbon:
- 0.5
- Adsorption and desorption constants:
- Adsorption Koc values ranged from 363 (medium mobility) for silt loam to 2334 (slight mobility) for sand; 1/n ranges from 0.686 to 0.777. Desorption Koc values ranged from 892 (low mobility) to 20726 (immobile); 1/n ranges from 0.608 to 917.
- Recovery of test material:
- Material balance for the different dosages were ranged from 93 to 106 %.
- Transformation products:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Intermediate and final degradation products suggested by TLC are ethylenethiourea, ethyleneurea, ethylenebisisothiocyanate, Jaffe's base, and ethylenediamine.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The geometric mean Koc value is calculated as 771 mL/g (Kom 447 mL/g). Average 1/n 0.741.
- Executive summary:
14C- mancozeb at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 ppm (formulated product) levels in water, containing 0.1M CaCl2 was equilibrated with four types of soil: a sand, a sandy loam, a silt loam, and a clay loam. In individual experiments with each concentration and soil type, 30 ml of solution were added to vials containing 6 g of soil. Preliminary experiments indicated that 24 hours was sufficient time to reach adsorption equilibrium, as measured by radioactivity in the aqueous phase. Thus, the adsorption portion of the experiment was done for 24 hours; subsequently, four desorptions with fresh CaCl2 solution were done over a second 24-hour period. The amount of radioactivity was quantitated in each adsorption or desorption supernatant by liquid scintillation counting and in soil after the final desorption by combustion radioassay.
Mancozeb is rapidly and strongly bound to soil. Adsorption Koc values indicate for mancozeb and degradates a medium mobility potential in silt loam to slight mobility in sand. Desorption Koc indicate a mobility potential from low mobility to immobile. TLC analysis indicate that approximately 45% of mancozeb degraded over the 24-hour test duration with ETU, EU, EBIS, Jaffe’s base and EDA (ethylediamine) as intermediate degradation products. Due to the lower KOC of metabolites, the derived KOC of Mancozeb can be considered as conservative.
Reference
Adsorption Koc values ranged from 363 (medium mobility) for silt loam to
2334 (slight mobility) for sand; 1/n ranges from 0.686 to 0.777.
Desorption Koc values ranged from 892 (low mobility) to 20726
(immobile); 1/n ranges from 0.608 to 917.
The binding behaviour of mancozeb and its degradates does not correlate
to % soil organic matter, soil cation exchange capacity, or soil pH.
The initial adsorption supernatant concentration, as mancozeb, was
determined by LSC to be 4.64 ppm for the 5 ppm treated test samples.
Analysis by GC revealed an average actual mancozeb concentration of 0.10
ppm in the adsorption supernatants of the 5 ppm treated test samples and
an average of 1.01 ppm for soil samples measured after four desorptions.
These data indicate nearly complete degradation of mancozeb by the end
of the experimental period. The adsorption/desorption studies of this
experiment were conducted in the 0.5 to 5.0 ppm range, where mancozeb
may become solubilised and rapidly hydrolyse. Therefore, the
adsorption/desorption behaviour described by radioanalysis is actually
for mancozeb and its degradates, taken together.
Freundlich calculations approximate the actual soil behaviour of
mancozeb and its degradates, as if they were equilibrated between soil
and water in the field.
TLC analysis of the 5 ppm dosed soils after 24 hours equilibrium time
showed mancozeb to be at least 45% degraded present at 17.0 – 44.9% of
radioactivity on the TLC plates in the four soils (two replicates each)
although this was a combination of mancozeb, EDA and Jaffe’s Basein the
soil over the course of the experiment. Intermediate and final
degradation products suggested by TLC are ethylenethiourea (ETU 5.8 –
16.7%, mean 4.6%), ethyleneurea (EU 11.8 – 39.7%, mean 26.6%),
ethylenebisisothiocyanate (EBIS 5.7 – 22.4%, mean 14.0%), Jaffe's base
(JB), and ethylenediamine (EDA). Material balance for the different
dosages were ranged from 93 to 106 %.
Description of key information
The geometric mean Koc value is calculated as 771 mL/g (Kom 447 mL/g). Average 1/n 0.741.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Koc at 20 °C:
- 771
Additional information
14C- mancozeb at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 ppm (formulated product) levels in water, containing 0.1M CaCl2 was equilibrated with four types of soil: a sand, a sandy loam, a silt loam, and a clay loam. In individual experiments with each concentration and soil type, 30 ml of solution were added to vials containing 6 g of soil. Preliminary experiments indicated that 24 hours was sufficient time to reach adsorption equilibrium, as measured by radioactivity in the aqueous phase. Thus, the adsorption portion of the experiment was done for 24 hours; subsequently, four desorptions with fresh CaCl2 solution were done over a second 24-hour period. The amount of radioactivity was quantitated in each adsorption or desorption supernatant by liquid scintillation counting and in soil after the final desorption by combustion radioassay.
Mancozeb is rapidly and strongly bound to soil. Adsorption Koc values indicate for mancozeb and degradates a medium mobility potential in silt loam to slight mobility in sand. Desorption Koc indicate a mobility potential from low mobility to immobile. TLC analysis indicate that approximately 45% of mancozeb degraded over the 24-hour test duration with ETU, EU, EBIS, Jaffe’s base and EDA (ethylediamine) as intermediate degradation products. Due to the lower KOC of metabolites, the derived KOC of Mancozeb can be considered as conservative.
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